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Pharmacology (Spring 2019) > Final - 2 MOA > Flashcards

Final - 2 MOA Flashcards

1
Q
  • increase myocardiacl contractility = increase CO

- cardiogenic shock

A

dobutamine

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2
Q
  • increase osmolality of filtrate in renal tubuled
  • increase osmolality of plasma
  • TBI & glaucoma
A

mannitol

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3
Q

are calcium channel blockers nodal or non-nodal

A

NODAL

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4
Q

which Ca+ channel blocker is more for atrial dysrhythmias

A

diltiazem

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5
Q
  • Major depression
  • Panic disorder
  • General anxiety
  • Social anxiety
A

venlaxafine

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6
Q
  • block Na+ in ditabl tubule
  • mild to moderate HTN
  • edema
  • reduces BP 10-20
  • decreases excretion of calcium
A

hydrochlorothiazide

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7
Q
  • All seizures except absence seizures

- Class 1B antidysrhythmics (off-label: V. tach)

A

phenytoin

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8
Q
  • Drug of choice for life-threatening status epilepticus
  • Antianxiety
  • Sedative-hypnotic
  • Anti-seizure agent
A

lorazepam

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9
Q
  • relaxas arterial smooth muscle, reduces afterload
  • low to midd 200 BP
  • fast acting
  • metabolized into cyanide
A

nitroprusside sodium

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10
Q
  • Major depressive disorder
  • Neuropathic pain
  • Fibromylagia
  • Anxiety
  • Stress urinary incontinence
A

duloxetine

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11
Q
  • Dopamine system stabilizer
  • Positive & negative symptoms of schizo c bipolar
  • Add-on for major depression
  • Irritability c autism
A

aripiprazole

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12
Q

Increases synthesis of serotonin

Management of bipolar disorder

A

lithium carbonate

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13
Q
  • Beta 1 adrenergic blocker

* **-rapid correction of SVTs

A

esmolol

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14
Q
  • first thrombolytic that was approved
  • 2nd line thrombolytics
  • obtained from beta-hemolytic streptococci & is less firbin speciic
A

streptokinase

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15
Q
  • increase BP
  • increase myocardial contractility
  • hypovolemia (must also give volume expanders)
  • cardiogenic shock
A

dopamine

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16
Q
  • non-nodal
  • phase 3
  • delay repolarization & prolong refractory period = increase QT interval
  • reduce automaticity = correct dysrhythmias
A

potassium channel blockers

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17
Q
  • anesthetic

- raises ventricular stimulation threshold during diastole = no effect on HR & atrial dysrythmias

A

lidocaine

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18
Q
  • DOC for rapid anticoagulation

- DOG for pregnancy & lactation

A

heparin

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19
Q
  • dilates coronary arteris to relieve chest pain

- decrease BP, preload, afterload, & myocardial O2 demands

A

nitroglycerin

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20
Q
  • naturally occuring nuceloside = activates potassium channels in SA & AV nodes causing potassium to leave cardiac muscle cells
  • literaly flatine them for a couple seconds and help them start all over
  • PSVT
  • CAD
A

adenosine

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21
Q
  • often used for dentist

- excessive hemorrhage due to clots being dissolved rapidly or prematurely

A

aminocaproic acid

22
Q
  • Drug of choice for depression (used for pediatrics & geriatrics)
  • Block serotonin
A

SSRI

23
Q
  • promote formation of clots
  • opposite of anticoagulatns = shorten bleeding times
  • prevent fibrin from dissolving
  • enhance stability of clot
  • prevent excess bleeding
A

hemostatic antifibrinolytic

24
Q
  • like dobutamine, but musch longer half-life
  • block enzyme in cardiac & smooth muscle = increase amt. available calcium
  • *- positive inotropic effect = increase CO
  • *- vasodilation
  • increase contractility & decrease L ventricular afterload
A

phosphodiesterase III inhibitor

25
Q
  • nonselective = Beta 1 & Beta 2
A

propranolol

26
Q
  • borad spectrum
  • atrial & ventricular dysrhythmias
  • med of choice for atrial dysrhthmias in pt c HF
  • resistant v. tach & v. fib that is life-threatening
A

amniodarone

27
Q
  • identical to tPA
  • DOC for thrombotic stroke
  • also used for severe DVT
  • off-labe: restore IV catheter patency
  • convert plasminogen to plasmin which dissolves firbin clots
A

alteplase

28
Q
  • large amounts of unbound drug can circulate in plasma = often administered concurrently with ASA or heparin
  • highly specific binding c glycoprotein IIa/IIIb receptor
A

eptifibatide

29
Q
  • prevent reabsorption of Na+ in loop of henle

- 4+ edema, pulmonary edema

A

furosemide

30
Q
  • 1st Gen
  • Depresses the cerebral cortex, hypothalamus, & limbic system
  • Dopamin antagonist
  • Nonphenothiazine
  • Acute & chronic psychotic disorders
A

haloperidol

31
Q
  • nodal cells
  • decrease automaticity in SA node = slow impulse conduction through AV node = slow HR
  • **- prolonged PR interval will be noted on ECG
  • control ventricular rate of atrial flutter or a. fib
  • relief of chest pain
A

calcium channel blockers

32
Q
  • lengthen clotting time & prevent thrombi forming or growing (DOES NOT DISSOLVE EXISTING CLOTS)
A

anticoagulants

33
Q
  • preferred drug for CPR
  • rapid reversal of anaphylaxis
  • constricts arterioles, increases BP, dilates airways
A

epinephrine

34
Q
  • break up clots

- only used for life-threatening

A

thrombolytics

35
Q
  • not active in beta2 receptors
  • immediately raise BP
  • increase CO output
A

norepinephrine

36
Q
  • Analgesic choice for mngmt of most types of acute & severe chronic pain
  • Drug choice for acute chest pain associate with MI
  • Mimics action of endogenous endorphins
A

morphine sulfate

37
Q
  • sever HTN
  • L&D for preeclampsia
  • relaxas arterial smooth muscle = directly @ vessels
  • reduces afterload
A

hydralazine

38
Q
  • platelet function reduced as much a 90% within 2 hrs
  • acute coronary syndrome
  • percutanesous coronary intervention
A

abciximab

39
Q

reverse resp. depression caused by opioids

A

nalaxone

40
Q
  • more expensive than heparin
  • more predictable response = less frequent monitoring
  • Factor Xa (10a)
A

enoxaparin

41
Q
  • block sodium channels in myocardial cells = reduce automaticity & slow velocity of action potential
  • atrial & ventricular dysrhythmias
A

procainamide

42
Q
  • long duration of action, less significant cardiac effects, & may cause refluc bradycardia
  • relief of sinus congestion
  • parenteral administration: can prevent or reverse acute hypotension caused by anesthesia or vascular shock
  • increase BP
A

phenylephrine

43
Q

are potassium channel blockers nodal or non-nodal

A

non-nodal

44
Q

Block reuptake transport of norepinephrine & serotonin

A

tricyclics

45
Q
  • sodium channel inhibitors & aldostern antagonists = counteracts large aldosterone secretion
  • polycystic ovarian
  • mild HTN in pt’s at risk of hypokalemia
A

sprionalactone

46
Q
  • short-term for acute decompensated HF (fluid overload = high BP)
A

milrinon

47
Q
  • Dopamine antagonist
  • Positive & negative symptoms of - schizophrenia
  • Short-term of acute mania c bipolar
  • Depression associated c bipolar
A

quetiapine

48
Q
  • 2nd gen
  • Dopamine antagonist
  • Neg. Schizophrenia
  • Acute mania c bipolar
  • Pediatric autism pt’s: irritability
A

risperidone

49
Q
  • block beta-adrenergic receptors
  • have effect on Calcium channels
  • slow HR & decrease contractility
  • **- atrial dysrrhythmias associated with HF
  • **- mask hypoglycemia
  • work more in nodal in ATRIA
  • post-MI = decrease likelihood of sudden death
A

Beta Blockers

50
Q
  • Major depression
  • Seasonal affective disorder
  • Management of nicotine withdrawal
  • Off label: Neuropathic pain & ADHD
A

bupropion

51
Q

Not the best choice unless others are not working = 2nd line agent when other opioids are contraindicated

A

meperidine

Pharmacology (Spring 2019) (8 decks)

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