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Pharmacology (Spring 2019) > Final - Adverse Effects > Flashcards

Final - Adverse Effects Flashcards

1
Q
  • jaundice
  • photosensitivity
  • overdose: ventricular arrhythmias
A

imipramine

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2
Q

SSRIs

A

ped. pt’s: personality disorder

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3
Q

Which antineoplastic causes radiation recall phenomenon = sore skin

A

doxorubicin

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4
Q

which opioid:

- confusion, dizziness, drowsiness, sedation

A

fentanyl

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5
Q

cephalosporins

A

C. Diff

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6
Q

uterine rupture

A

carbaprost

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7
Q

Potassium Channel Blockers

A

prolonged QT interval = torsades = lead to v. fib

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8
Q

which biological response modifier causes:

  • HA
  • arthralgia
  • dizziness
  • abdominal pain
  • 7% bone pain & rebound thrombocytopenia
A

romiplostim

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9
Q
  • resp. depression
  • CNS depression
  • high doses: hallucinations & seizures
  • cerebral vasodilation: increase CSF pressure
  • N, V, C (it affects the medulla in the brain = N/V) (opioids slow down the GI tract) = watch for bowel habits & treat bowel blockages
  • peripheral vasodilation = orthostatic hypotension
  • spasm of sphincter oddi
  • urinary retention (due to increasing bladder sphincter tone)
  • pruritus (itching)
A

opioids

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10
Q

which biological response modifier causes neutropenic fever

A

filgrastin

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11
Q

Which anti-thyroid:

  • hepatotoxicity
  • leukopenia, thrombocytopenia = monitor CBC
  • decrease bone marrow reserve with lactation & pregnancy
A

mathimazole

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12
Q

oligohydraminos (too little amniotic fluid)

A

indomethacin

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13
Q

Which tocolytic causes flushing (usually in cheeks, but can in legs too)

A

nifedipine

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14
Q
  • ventricular dysrhythmias
  • hypotension
  • Class IV HF at high risk for life-threatening cardiovascular reactions
A

milrinone

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15
Q
  • nephrotoxicity
  • anaphylaxis when given IV
  • increase risk of secondary cancer
A

cyclosporine

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16
Q

thrombolytics

A

extreme risk of bleeding

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17
Q

most common side effect for mehtylergonovine

A

uterine cramping

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18
Q
  • rash
  • diarrhea
  • superinfections
A

cefazolin

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19
Q

which antidiabetic meds causes hypokalemia

A

regular

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20
Q

flumazenil

A

high risk for seizures

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21
Q

which biological response modifier causes HTN, seizures, & neutralizing antibodies = rapid cell aplasia

A

epoetin alfa

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22
Q

which opioid:

- accumulation of metabolite = toxicity = tremors, seizures, irreversible with antagonist

A

meperdine

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23
Q
  • CNS stimulation: nervousness, insomnia, but it can have a sedative effect on some
  • ped pt’s: decreased overall ht & wt.
  • increase BP 10-15 mmHg
  • sexual dysfunction
A

venlaxafine

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24
Q
  • little or not wt. gain, hypotension, dysrhythmias, anticholinergic effects, or prolactin release
  • drowsiness
  • seizures
A

aripiprazole

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25
Q
  • cardiovascular collapse
  • CNS effects
  • urinary retention, menstrual irregularities
  • laryngeal spasm & cough
A

diazepam

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26
Q

constriction of ducuts arteriosis

A

indomethacine

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27
Q
  • excessive sweating, somnolence, anxiety, male function disorders
  • decreased appetite
  • HTN
A

desvenlaxafine

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28
Q
  • parenteral: CNS stimulation
  • reflex bradycardia
  • reduced blood flow to tissues
A

phenylephrine

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29
Q

Propranolol

A
  • bronchospaspa

- SJS = report s/s hives

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30
Q

initial adverse effect of lithium carbonate

A

muscle weakness, n/v, lethargy, polyuria, nocturia, HA, dizziness, drowsiness, tremors, confusion

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31
Q

which thrombolytic can cause fever

A

streptokinase

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32
Q

Which vasodilator:

  • flushing
  • HA
  • blurred vision
  • syncope
A

nitroglycerine

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33
Q
  • dizziness

- gynecomastia, menstrual abnormalities, impotence (has effect on reproductive hormone levels)

A

spironalactone

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34
Q

metronidazole

A

peripheral neuropathy

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35
Q
  • anticholinergic
  • wt. gain
  • anemia = check CBCs
  • blurred vision, glaucoma
  • increase QT interval causing possible dysrhythmias = don’t administer tricyclics
A

haloperidol

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36
Q

Which anti-thyroid:

  • N,V
  • rash
  • stomach pain
A

potassium iodide

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37
Q

Rapid IV aminocaproic acid =

A

hypotension or bradycardia

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38
Q

fluconazole

A

Stevens-Johnson syndrome in immunosuppressed

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39
Q

Vancomycin

A
  1. Red man Syndrome = run slowly over 60 minutes, flushing, rash
  2. Nephrotoxicity (hard on kidneys)
  3. Confusion, seizures, hallucinations, anaphylactic reaction (from running it too fast or too high dose)
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40
Q

Which Calcium Channel Blocker:

  • HA
  • dizziness
  • edema
A

Diltiazem

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41
Q

long-term adverse effects of lithium carbonate

A
  • can produce toxicity including kidney impairment, dysrhythmias, circulatory collapse, and leukocytosis
  • can cause hypothyroidism & goiter
42
Q

Calcium Channel Blockers

A

DON’T LET PT’S TAKE BETA-BLCOKERS & CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS TOGETHER!!!

43
Q

Antipsychotics

A
  1. EPS
    - acute dystonia: sever muscle spams
    - akasthasia: inability to rest or relax
    - parkinsonism: tremors, loss of fine motor skills, muscle rigidity, shuffling gait
    - tardive dyskinesia: involuntary unusual tongue & face movements

NMS: high fever, diaphoresis, muscle rigidity, tachycardia, BP fluctuations. Potenitally fatal if medication not discontinued

44
Q

which biological response modifier causes ANC above 100,000 cell/mm = resp. failure, intracranial hemorrhage, or MI

A

filgrastin

45
Q
  • anxiety, confusion
  • peptic ulcer disease
  • increased BS
  • impaired wound healing
A

hydrocortisone

46
Q

cyclophosphamide

A
  • sterility in M & F

- myelosuppression = dose limiting factor

47
Q

Adenosime

A

self-limiting due to 10-second half-life

48
Q
  • low incidence of EPS

- possible lens changes

A

quetiapine

49
Q

Which antineoplastic causes GI toxicity

A

vincristine

50
Q

which biological response modifier causes bone pain (in long bones, sternum, ribs, pelvis, etc)

A

filgrastin

51
Q

Tricyclics have _____ effects

A

anticholinergic

52
Q

benzos

A

may increase of decreased effectiveness of birth control

53
Q

Heparin

A

heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (increases platelet aggregation & thrombolytic events = scary & dangerous)

54
Q
  • orthostatic hypotension
  • life-threatening dysrhythmias (prolongs QT interval = torsades) = don’t give K+ channel blockers
  • sedation, confusion, dizziness
A

tricyclic antidepressants

55
Q

rare adverse effect of venlaxafine

A

rectal, vaginal, uterin hemorrhage

56
Q
  • insomnia, loss of concentration
  • confusion = notify physician
  • previous psychiatric disorder = can worsen mental problems
  • renal impaired = hallucinations, seizures
A

amantadine

57
Q

hydrocortisone

A
  • prolonged use/high dosage = Cushing’s

- osteoporosis

58
Q

desmopressin

A
  • water intoxication: edema, crackles, JVD = HTN = monitor daily wt
59
Q
  • hypovolemia = orthostatic hypotention & syncope
  • increase BG
  • hyperuricemia = can exacerbate gout
  • *- ototoxicity (when pushed quickly can cause damage to cochlear ner)
A

furosemide

60
Q
  • dizziness
  • paradoxical CNS stimulation can occur in psychiatric pt’s, the eldery, & hyperactive children (nightmares, talkativeness, mania, sleep disorders, etc.)
A

lorazepam

61
Q

Which antineoplastic causes jaundice (because its metabolized through liver) = may have hepatotoxicity

A

cyclophosphamide

62
Q

Which antineoplastic causes alopecia

A

cyclophosphamide

63
Q

will terbutaline increase of decrease mom & baby HR

A

increase

64
Q
  • long-term use = increase ALT, AST
  • nephrotoxicity
  • neurotoxicity
A

acyclovir

65
Q

rare adverse effect of alteplase

A

angioedema & incracranial bleeding

66
Q
  • abnormal bleeding (epistaxis)

- possible lethargy to animal products (bc it’s taken from beef & pig)

A

heparin

67
Q

Which oxytocics causes explosive diarrhea

A

carbaprost

68
Q

do you have an increase or decreased in urine output with mannitol

A

increase

69
Q

Which antineoplastic causes neurotoxicity = check reflexes & parasthesias

A

vincristine

70
Q

Lidocaine

A

lidocaine toxicity: confusion, anxiety, tremors, seizures, comatose, resp. arrest

71
Q

nitroprusside sodium

A

thiocyanate poisoning

72
Q
  • photosensitivity
  • bruising, thrombophlebitis
  • insomnia, anorexia, anxiety
A

duloxetine

73
Q
  • change urine pink or red-brown
  • CNS
  • CV
  • GI
  • Hem: anema = watch CBC
  • Derm: rashes = report to MD
A

phenytoin

74
Q

lopinavir with ritonavir

A

long-term = lipodystropy pancreatitis (life-threatening)

75
Q

efarirenz

A
  • nightmares

- dizziness

76
Q

most common adverse effect of duloxetine

A

abnormal vision

77
Q

Which oxytocic causes fever

A

carbaprost = order acetominophen

78
Q

Which antineoplastic causes red urine/tears

A

doxorubicin

79
Q
  • nasal congestion
  • hypotension
  • induce mydriases
A

phenylephrine

80
Q

Which antineoplastic causes hemorrhagic cystitis

A

cyclophosphamide

81
Q

epinephrine

A

extravasation can lead to necrosis = stop infusion & aspirate med out

82
Q

Which Sodium Channel Blocker:

  • fever
  • anorexia
  • psychosis
A

procainamide

83
Q

does bupropion cause wt gain or sexual dysfunction

A

NO!!!

84
Q
  • CNS stimulation
  • wt. loss
  • anticholinergic effects
  • infants receiving breastmilk from mothers on this med: seizures
A

bupropion

85
Q
  • tachycardia, arrhythmias, & hypotension = increase myocardial workload & O2 consumption
  • cardiac arrest
  • HF
  • shock
A

dobutamine

86
Q

propofol

A

propofol infusion syndrome: usually associated with prolonged high-dose infusion = metabolic acidosis, hyperkalemia, lipemia, rhabdomyolysis, hepatomegaly, cardiac & renal failure

87
Q

Which vasodilator:

  • HA
  • orthostatic hypotension
  • fluid retention (because of increase in aldosterone = retains Na+ & H2O = administer with diuretic and/ore beta-blocker)
  • peripheral edema
  • blood dyscrasia
  • lupus-like syndrome up to 9 yrs
A

hydralazine

88
Q
  • bleeding @ puncture site or internally

- transient dysrhythmias

A

alteplase

89
Q
  • flu-like symptoms
  • blood dyscrasias
  • orange discoloration of urine, sweat, & tears
A

rifampin

90
Q
  • v. tach c high doses
  • extravasation = lead to necrosis
  • snake, heart, & lungs
A

dopamine

91
Q
  • HTN
  • dysrhythmias
  • pulmonary edema
  • cardiac arrest
  • serious CNS stimulation
  • snake, heart, & lungs
A

epinephrine

92
Q

Which antineoplastic causes increase risk of secondary malignancies

A

cyclophosphamide

93
Q

Which Calcium Channel Blocker:

  • bradycardia
  • HF
  • SJS
A

verapamil

94
Q
  • anticholinergics
  • elevated prolactin levels resulting in galactorrhea, impotence, gynecomastia (check prolactin levels), & menstrual irregularities
  • hyperglycemia
  • orthostatic hypotenstion
A

risperidone

95
Q

rare adverse effect of aminocaproic acid

A

myopathy which can lead to rhabdomyolysis = monitor CPK

96
Q

water intoxication

A

oxytocin

97
Q
  • reflex bradycardia
  • dysrhythmias
  • s/s overdose = blurred vision & photophobia
  • snake, heart
A

norepinephrine

98
Q

phosphodiesterase III Inhibitor

A

serious toxicity that limit use to clients with resistant HF

99
Q
  • ototoxicity
  • nephrotoxicity (805) = BUN & creatinine
  • hopokalemia
  • hepatotoxic = AST & ALT
A

amphotericin B

100
Q
  • dizziness
  • optic nerve inflammation
  • psychosis
A

isoniazide

101
Q

abciximab

A
  • hypotension
  • back & chest pain
  • thrombocytopenia

Pharmacology (Spring 2019) (8 decks)

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