Final: Lecutre 17

Question 0

Which joints have no movement?

Answer 0

•Synarthrosis

Question 1

Three types of joints are?

Answer 1

• Fibrous: sutures, syndesmoses, and gomphoses
• Cartilagenous: synchodroses and syphyses
• Synovial (most joints): joint capsule, hyaline cartilage, some have articular disc, and typically very mobile with synovial fluid in between reducing friction

Question 2

Which joints have little movement?

Answer 2

•Amphiarthrosis

Question 3

Which joints have lots of movement? (most synovial joints)

Answer 3

•Diarthrosis

Question 4

What are the four muscles that make up the Rotator Cuff?

Answer 4

•subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor

Question 5

Deltoid

Answer 5

• Proximal: lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula
• Distal: deltoid tuberosity of humerus
• Actions: flexes, medially rotates, abducts, extends, and laterally rotates humerus
• Innervation: axillary

Question 6

Teres Major

Answer 6

• Proximal: posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula
• Distal: medial lip of intertubercular (bicipital) groove of humerus
• Actions: adducts and medially rotates (internal rotation) humerus
• Innervation: lower subscapular

Question 7

What does the transverse ligament of the humerus do?

Answer 7

•hold the biceps tendon in place

Question 8

Supraspinatus

Answer 8

• Proximal: supraspinous fossa of scapula
• Distal: superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
• Actions: works with deltoid in abduction of humerus, acts with other rotator cuff muscles in stabilizing shoulder joint
• Innervation: suprascapular

Question 9

Subscapularis

Answer 9

• Proximal: subscapular fossa (anterior surface of scapula)
• Distal: lesser tubercle of humerus
• Actions: medially rotates and adducts humerus, helps hold humeral head in place
• Innervation: upper and lower subscapular
• largest and strongest rotator cuff muscle
• isolated subscapularis tears are rare, happens in pitchers or traumatic injuries

Question 10

Infraspinatus

Answer 10

• Proximal: Infraspinous fossa of scapula
• Distal: middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus
• Actions: laterally rotates humerus, helps hold humeral head in place
• Innervation: suprascapular

Question 11

Teres Minor

Answer 11

• Proximal: middle part of lateral border of scapula
• Distal: inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
• Actions: laterally rotates humerus, helps hold humeral head in place
• Innervation: axillary

Question 12

What area of the back is the easiest to hear lung sounds?

Answer 12

•Triangle of auscultation

Question 13

Biceps Brachii

Answer 13

•Proximal: long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
short head: coracoid process of scapula

• Distal: radial tuberosity and fascia of forearm via bicipital aponeurosis*
• Actions: supinates forearm, when supine will flex forearm, resists dislocation of shoulder (short head)
• Innervation: musculocutaneous (C5 and C6)

Question 14

Coracobrachialis

Answer 14

• Proximal: coracoid process of scapula
• Distal: middle 1/3 of medial humeral surface
• Actions: flexes and adducts arm at shoulder joint, resists dislocation of shoulder joint
• Blood supply: brachial artery
• Innervation: musculocutaneous (C5,6,7)

Question 15

Brachialis

Answer 15

• Proximal: distal 1/2 of anterior surface of humerus
• Distal: coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna
• Actions: flexes forearm at elbow (main flexor*)
• Blood supply: brachial artery
• Innervation: musculocutaneous, lateral portions may receive radial contributions

Question 16

Anconeus

Answer 16

• Proximal: lateral epicondyle of humerus
• Distal: lateral surface of olecranon, superior part of surface of ulna
• Actions: assists triceps in extension of forearm and stabilizes elbow joint, also abducts ulna during pronation
• Blood supply: deep brachial artery
• Innervation: radial nerve (C7, C8, T1)

Question 17

Triceps Brachii

Answer 17

•Proximal: long: infragleniod tubercle

              lateral: posterior surface of humerus
              medial: posterior surface of humerus, inferior to radial groove (spiral groove)

• Distal: proximal end of olecranon and fascia of forearm
• Actions: extends forearm at elbow joint, resists dislocation of shoulder joint (long head)
• Blood: deep brachial artery
• Innervation: radial

Question 18

Boundaries of the Cubital Fossa

Answer 18

• Lateral: brachioradialis
• Medial: proator teres
• Superior: imaginary line between medial and lateral epicondyles of humerus
• Roof: skin, superficial and deep fascia, bicipital aponeurosis
• Floor: supinator and brachialis

Question 19

Contents of Cubital Fossa

Answer 19

• median nerve
• bifurcation of radial and ulnar arteries
• brachial veins
• tendon of biceps brachii and bicipital aponeurosis
• radial nerve (deep and superficial)