final exam urinary and reproductive Flashcards

1
Q

urinary and genital system develops from?

A

mesonephric mesenchyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

where do the urinary and genital system extend along?

A

the paraxial mesoderm from the 7th to 28th somite level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

the urinary system gives rise to?

A

nephrogenic cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

the genital system gives rise to?

A

genital ridge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are the 3 distinct types of kidneys?

A

1st-pronephroi, 2nd-mesonephroi, 3rd-metanephroi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

when does kidney development start?

A

the 3rd week

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

describe characteristics for open tubules?

A
  • external glomerulus
  • drain into coleum
  • neither glomerulus or tubules associate with each other
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

describe characteristics of closed tubules?

A
  • internal glomerulus
  • s shaped
  • tubules and glomerulus associate with eachother
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

pronephroi- 1st set of kidneys, describe?

A

rudimentary, very little function, found in fishes and amphibians; 4 pairs of tubules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

mesonephroi- 2nd set of kidneys, describe?

A

well developed and function briefly, 38 pairs of tubules; closed tubules- internal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

some of the mesonephric tubules in males are different than females how?

A

males-remain intact- genital duct system

females- none retained

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

metanephroi- 3rd set, describe?

A
  • permanent kidneys, develop in 5th week
  • internal glomerulus, closed tubules
  • each kidney has 2 million nephrons
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

development of urinary system happens when?

A

7th week; mesodermal mass divides cloacal into cloacal septum*

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

the allantois in a fetus is known as?

A

urachus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

the allantois in an adult is?

A

median umbilical ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

the allantois is continuous with?

A

the bladder, it becomes vestigial

17
Q

renal agenesis (missing kidneys) unilateral vs bilateral

A

unilateral- compatible with life

bilateral- potter syndrome, only compatible in utero

18
Q

congenital cystic kidney type 1

A

found in infants, early death without dialysis and transplants; giant sponge kidneys

19
Q

congenital cystic kidney type 2

A

variable in size and shape, unilateral, cysts grow larger with age

20
Q

CCK type 3

A

normal and abnormal tissue, both kidneys involved, cysts normal at birth; found in trisomy 13-15, 18, 21, 22

21
Q

CCK type 5

A

could see in clinic, manifests as adult but present before birth, onset around 40, death at 50 if not treated; LB pain and kidney infections

22
Q

when kidneys are fused at both ends its called?

A

horseshoe or donut kidney

23
Q

renal tumors in children

A

wilms tumors- rapid growth and metastases

24
Q

reproductive system develops?

A

5th-6th week; can’t be detected til at least 8th week

25
where do the gonads develop?
coelomic epithelium, inner mesenchyme tissue
26
the development of cells cause a ridge to bulge into coleum, this is called?
genital ridge- it is covered by coelum epithelium; mesenchyme makes up inner mass
27
the cells within the genital ridge arrange themselves into cords which grow into underlying mesenchyme, these are called?
primary sex cords
28
the indifferent gonad has what 2 layers?
cortex- outer layer, females it develops | medulla- inner layer, in males it develops
29
genital ducts are formed in?
males- mesonephric ducts play an important role as well
30
paramesonephric ducts are formed in?
females- develop on each side, eventually develops into uterus and vagina
31
the genitalia also pass through a what?
an indifferent stage
32
accessory sex glands are only found in?
males- seminal vesicles, prostate, bulbourethral glands
33
what is ovarian hypoplasia (turners syndrome)?
UNILATERAL OR BILATERAL; ovaries small in size, poor breast development, small uterus
34
unilateral ovarian hypoplasia
can give birth to normal infant
35
bilateral ovarian hypoplasia
cannot give birth, very few primordial germ cells
36
when germ cells do not migrate from the yolk sac?
pure gonadal dysgenesis
37
androgen insensitivity or testicular feminization syndrome
appears as normal female but has testes 46, XY
38
androgenital syndrome
excessive androgen production from adrenals, masculinization from high androgen levels; ovaries, uterus masculization external genitalia
39
70% of hermaphrodites are?
chromatin positive