final exam cardiovascular system Flashcards

1
Q

cardiovascular system develops?

A

3rd week

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2
Q

angiogenesis is?

A

development of new blood vessels

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3
Q

angioblasts

A

stem cells that give rise to blood vessels

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4
Q

paired vessels form longitudinal vessels in which week?

A

3rd week; 1st pair dorsal aorta

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5
Q

which structure returns blood from the yolk sac?

A

vitelline veins- deoxygenated

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6
Q

which structure brings blood from the chorion(placenta)?

A

umbilical veins- oxygenated

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7
Q

which structure returns blood from body?

A

cardinal veins

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8
Q

describe the process of the development of the heart

A

2 thin walled endothelial tubes which are a continuation of the 1st aortic arches eventually fuse to form a single tube

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9
Q

what gives the heart an s shape?

A

the bulbus and ventricle grow faster than the rest of the heart giving it its shape

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10
Q

in order to achieve the heart chambers what are the 2 types of tissue formation?

A

tissue growth and overgrowth

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11
Q

tissue growth involves 2 or more tissues approaching each other on the same plane

A

they then fuse together to make 2 chambers- septum

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12
Q

overgrowth of the chamber in the developing ventricle except for narrow strip which does not grow

A

tissue grows on either side of the strip and walls expand to form septum- overgrowth

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13
Q

what is the sickle shaped crest or roof of atrium

A

septum primum

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14
Q

what is the opening between septum primum and endocardial cushion?

A

ostium primum

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15
Q

what is the opening in the septum primum?

A

ostium secundum

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16
Q

what is the opening in the septum secundum?

A

oval foramen

17
Q

before birth blood enters the right atrium from the inferior vena cava to the left atrium

A

interatrial shunt

18
Q

probe latency of the oval foramen happens when?

A

the septum primum and septum secundum don’t fuse- 25% of people

19
Q

what method is used for developing the ventricle septa?

A

overgrowth method for ventricle chamber

20
Q

what are the stages for contraction of the heart?

A

ebb and flow circulation begins on day 22

28-30 heart has unidirectional blood flow with contractions

21
Q

describe the circulation of the fetus

A

oxygenated blood enter fetus from placenta via veins

deoxygenated blood leaves via arteries

22
Q

shunts in fetal pulmonary trunk that divert blood back to aorta are called?

A

ductus arteriosus

23
Q

shunts in fetal heart that cause deoxygenated blood to bypass fetus developing liver to reach vena cava are called?

A

ductus venous

24
Q

5th week ridges form in walls of?

A

truncus and bulbus which fuse to form spiral septum

25
the septum of the truncus and bulbus separate
cavum aorticum and cavum pulmonare
26
when heart is located through the sternal fissure either neck or diaphragmatic hernia its called
ectopic cordis- life expectancy limited
27
when heart is located in the right hemithorax its called
dextra cardia
28
a small patent foramen ovale or complete absence which creates loud systolic murmur is called
atrial septal defect ADS- can be tolerated into adulthood
29
harsh systolic murmur- erb's point
ventricular septal defect VSD- considered harmless, can spontaneously close
30
describe tetralogy of fallot
1 pulmonary stenosis 2 ventricular septal defect 3 overriding aorta 4 right ventricular hypertrophy