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KES 306 > Final Exam Study Guide > Flashcards

Final Exam Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

What is the longest bone in the body?

A

Femur

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2
Q

What happens when you are “walking”?

A
  • hip flexion
  • hip extension
  • pelvic girdle rotation
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3
Q

What is the largest joint in the body?

A

Knee joint

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4
Q

Which bone bears the most weight in the leg?

A

Tibia - medial

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5
Q

What is the function of fibula?

A

-serves as the attachment for knee joint structures

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6
Q

True or False

Fibula is NOT part of the knee joint

A

TRUE

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7
Q

True or False

Fibula does NOT articulate with femur or patella

A

TRUE

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8
Q

What are the functions of the patella?

A
  • It is a mechanical advantage (in knee extension)

- Patella protects the sensitive knee joint

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9
Q

_______ provide static stability

A

Ligaments

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10
Q

_____ & _____ contractions produce dynamic stability

A

Quadriceps & hamstrings

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11
Q

What causes tears in the joints?

A

Significant compression & shear forces during rotation

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12
Q

ACL & PCL are vital in _______.

A

maintaining anterior and posterior stability, as well as rotary stability

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13
Q

MCL is vital in_____

A

maintaining medial stability by resisting valgus forces or preventing knee from being abducted

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14
Q

How far can a normal knee joint can extend?

A

extends to 180 degrees ( or 0 degrees flexion)

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15
Q

How far can a normal knee joint can flex?

A

Flexion occurs to about 140 degrees

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16
Q

How much degrees occur in internal rotation?

A

30 degrees

17
Q

How much degrees occur in external rotation?

A

45 degrees

18
Q

What is the Q angle?

A
  • Central line of pull
  • Runs from ASIS to the center of patella
  • females generally have higher angles
19
Q

What are the two phases in walking?

A
  • Stance phase

- Swing phase

20
Q

What happens in stance phase?

A
  • Initial contact (heel strike)
  • Loading response
  • Midstance
  • Terminal stance
  • Preswing (toe off)
21
Q

What happens during swing phase?

A

-Initial swing
-Midswing
-Terminal swing
OR
-occurs when foot leaves ground & leg moves forward to another point of contact

22
Q

What is the difference between running and walking?

A 
Walking = one foot is always in contact with the ground
Running = point when neither foot is in contact with ground
23
Q

What is “shin splits”?

A

common term describing painful leg condition often associated with running activities

24
Q

The most common ankle sprain results from what?

A

Excessive inversion to the lateral ligamentous structures, primarily anterior talofibular ligament & calcaneofibular ligament

25
Q

Which of the following groups of muscles are agonist in hip joint flexion?

A

psoas major, iliacus, pectineus, rectus femoris

26
Q

Which of the following groups of muscles are most involved in hip joint extension?

A

gluteus maximus, biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus

27
Q

Which of the following muscles is an antagonist during internal rotation of the hip joint?

A

gluteus maximus

28
Q

Which of the following muscles acts as an agonist during flexion of the hip joint?

A

rectus femoris

29
Q

An action common to the biceps femoris and the adductor magnus is:

A

outward rotation of the hip joint

30
Q

All of the hamstring muscles originate on the:

A

ischial tuberosity

31
Q

The action common to all of the hamstring muscles is:

A

flexion of the knee joint

32
Q

The origin of the rectus femoris is:

A

anterior inferior iliac spine

33
Q

The _____ ligament provides lateral stability to the knee joint.

A

fibula collateral

34
Q

The ____ ligament provides posterior stability to the knee joint.

A

posterior cruciate

35
Q

What is the muscles in triceps surae?

A

two heads of gastrocnemius and one head of the soleus

KES 306 (15 decks)

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