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Introduction to Pharmacy (Meyonca) > Final Exam- Speakers > Flashcards

Final Exam- Speakers Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 6 CDC “winnable” battles for public health.

A
  1. Tobacco
  2. Heath-care Associated infections
  3. Teen Pregnancy
  4. Nutrition, Physical Activity, Obesity, and Food Safety
  5. Motor Vehicle injuries
  6. HIV in the U.S.
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2
Q

What is the link between pharmacist and public health:

Teen Pregnancy

A

Access to contraception

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3
Q

What is the link between pharmacist and public health:

HIV in the U.S.

A

HIV testing and Art management in community pharmacies

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4
Q

What is the link between pharmacist and public health:

Nutrition, Physical Activity, Obesity, and Food Safety

A

Pharmacy MTM and collaborative practice agreements (diabetes, lipids, hypertension)

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5
Q

What is the link between pharmacist and public health:

Health-care associated infections (2)

A

immunizations

antimicrobial use, resistance, stewardship

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6
Q

Healthcare preparedness during public health emergencies and strategic national stockpile are representations of what link?

A

The link between pharmacist and public health.

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7
Q

Name the CDC Job:

  • Investigate, design, evaluate and improve strategies to prevent/control risk factor of birth defects.
  • Provide subject matter expertise on medication related activities within the Birth Defects Branch.
A

Epidemiologist: Division of Birth Defects & Developmental Disabilities

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8
Q

Name the CDC Job:
-Disseminate research findings to the public (through scientific presentations, writing manuscripts, responding to the public media inquiries)

A

Epidemiologist: Division of Birth Defects & Developmental Disabilities

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9
Q

Name the CDC Job:
•Manage high-level federally funded cooperative agreements.
•Provide technical support for the development and implementation of program guidance to enhance HIV prevention efforts through capacity building assistance.

A

Public Health Advisor: Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention

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10
Q

Name the CDC Job:
•Reviews and evaluates appropriateness of recommendations to improve the performance of grantees.
•Assesses PH issues to identify needs for assistance at state and local programs.

A

Public Health Advisor: Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention

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11
Q

Name the CDC Job:
•Ensure availability and utility of medical countermeasures essential to CDC’s emergency preparedness and response activities through development and implementation of regulatory protocols and applications
•Provide regulatory expertise regarding use of medical products (e.g., drugs, biologics, devices) for both non-research and research purposes

A

Regulatory Affairs Specialist: National Center for Emerging & Zoonotic ID

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12
Q

Name the CDC Job:
•Provide regulatory consultation pertaining to medical countermeasures against potential threats from natural, chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear events
•Collaborate with subject matter experts to evaluate the unmet clinical need and utility of medical countermeasures

A

Regulatory Affairs Specialist: National Center for Emerging & Zoonotic ID

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13
Q

All jobs at the CDC described by the pharmacist have when in common?

A

The duties and responsibilities are constantly changing.

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14
Q

Name the 5 agencies that participate in the CDC pharmacy student experimental program.

A
  • drug service
  • regulatory affairs
  • diabetes
  • birth defects
  • HIV/AIDS
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15
Q

T/F?

The CDC EIS program is a ONE YEAR post-graduate training program focuses on “Diseases Detectives” in HIV/AIDS

A

FALSE

  • 2 year
  • focus on EPIDEMOLOGY
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16
Q

What are the requirements for the CDC EIS program candidate?

A
  • strong interest in epidemiology
    -at lease one of the following:
    •Physician w/ more than one year of clinical training
    •Doctoral-level scientist – PhD, DrPH, ScD
    •Health professionals w/ MPH-DDS, RN, PA, PharmD
    •Vets w/ MPH (DVM, VMD)
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17
Q

T/F?

The CDC EIS program assignments are local..

A

false

- CDC/state/local HD

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18
Q

Individuals who
-apply specialized knowledge
-are experts in the therapeutic use of medication
-ensure safe, appropriate, and cost-effective use of medications
are considered what?

A

Clinical pharmacist

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19
Q

How do Clinical pharmacist provide specialized knowledge?

A
  • Promotes health, wellness, and disease prevention

* Provides recommendations

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20
Q

What makes clinical pharmacist experts in the therapeutic use of medication?

A
  • Provide DIRECT patient care to maximize outcomes

* Evaluate and optimize medication therapy

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21
Q

How do clinical pharmacist ensure a safe, appropriate, and cost-effective use of medications?

A
  • Assumes responsibility and accountability

* All practice settings

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22
Q

Clinical pharmacist contribute to the generation of new knowledge that advances health and quality of care by conducting what?

A

Research

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23
Q

Name the 4 Roles of a clinical pharmacist

A
  • Evaluate medication
  • Recognizing untreated conditions
  • Monitoring – adverse effects, efficacy
  • Collaboration w/ health maintenance
24
Q

What are the 3 benefits of pharmacist being involved in the health-care team?

A
  • Improved patient outcomes
  • Higher rates of satisfaction
  • Reduction in health care costs
25
Q

What is the most common clinical pharmacy service evaluated? the least?

A
  • Pharmacotherapeutic monitoring services (34.4%)

- Disease state management services (22.6%)

26
Q

Provider status in California effective 01-01-2015 allowed pharmacist to have greater autonomy concerning what 3 things?

A
  • Hormonal contraceptives
  • Travel medications NOT requiring diagnosis
  • Administer drugs and biologics when ordered by a MD- used to be limited to oral /topical administration
27
Q

Provider status in California effective 01-01-2015 allowed pharmacist to expand their scope of practice w/ training and certification as it pertains to what 2 things?

A
  • Nicotine replacement products

* Independently initiate administer IMMUNIZATIONS to patients 3+ YEARS

28
Q

Provider status in California effective 01-01-2015 gave pharmacist recognition as healthcare providers in what 3 ways?

A
  • ORDER & INTERPRET TESTS to monitor & manage the EFFICACY & TOXICITY
  • CONSULT, TRAIN and EDUCATE about drug therapy, disease management/prevention
  • MULTIDISCIPLINARY REVIEW OF patient progress-appropriate access to medical records
29
Q

Specific criteria for advanced practice pharmacist came about as a result of what?

A

Provider status in California – effective 01-01-2014

30
Q

What is the specific criteria for Advanced Practice Pharmacist? (3)

A
  • Certification in relevant area of practice
  • Post graduate residency program
  • Provided CPS for ONE YEAR under a COLLABORATIVE PRACTICE AGREEMENT/PROTOCOL W/ a physician, APP PharmD, CDTM PharmD or health system
31
Q

Advanced Practice Pharmacy is NOT mandatory but includes what additional services? (4)

A
  • PATIENT ASSESSMENTS/REFERRALS
  • ORDER & INTERPRET drug therapy-related tests w/ PCP or diagnosing MD
  • INITIATE, ADJUST & DISCONTINUE drug therapy pursuant to order by a patient’s MD
  • EVALUATE & MANAGE diseases and health conditions in collaboration w/ healthcare providers
32
Q

A medication therapy management expert who provides advice on the use of medications by older adults, whether they live in the community or in a long-term care facility.

A

Consult Pharmacist

33
Q

The Role of DRR and OBRA’87 continued to focus on Drug Regimen Review via what 4 things?

A
  • Monthly review
  • Report irregularities to DON/Medical Director
  • Chemical restraints
  • Focus on ACTUAL delivery of care/ QOL
34
Q

What are the 3 types of LTC?

A 
SNF
Sub-acute care
ALF
Hospice care
Home/Community
35
Q

T/F?

The most prominent age group in SNF is 65-84 years old.

A

true

36
Q

T/F?

There are more MALE residents than female residents in SNF?

A

false

more FEMALES

37
Q

Medicaid pays for what % of residents?

A

65%

38
Q

MEDICARE pays up to how many days of SNF care?

A

100 days

39
Q

T/F?

• ANY SYMPTOM in an elderly patient should be considered A DRUG SIDE EFFECT until proven otherwise.

A

true

40
Q

ADRS contribute to what 4 factors

A
  • falls
  • urinary incontinence
  • constipation
  • weight loss
41
Q

All of the following are examples of what?
•ANY SYMPTOM in an elderly patient should be considered A DRUG SIDE EFFECT until proven otherwise.
•Untreated condition; Drug use w/o indication; Improper drug selection; Subtherapeutic dosage; Over dosage
•ADRS- contribute to falls, urinary incontinence, constipation, weight loss
•Drug interactions
•Inappropriate medications
•Failure to receive medication

A

MRP specific to LTC residents

42
Q

What was developed by 12 clinicians and led by Dr. Mark Beers and released in 1991

A

Beer’s list

43
Q

T/F?

Beer’s list is to be used in ALL circumstances?

A

false
NOT all circumstances
-•Must gather evidence if therapy IS/IS NOT appropriate for INDIVIDUAL patient

44
Q

POTENTIALLY INAPPROPRIATE medications for the SENIOR POPULATION/when used in SENIORS w/ certain diseases or conditions is recognized by what?

A

Beer’s Criteria

45
Q

F329 are what type of medications?

A

Unnecessary Medications

46
Q

F329-Unnecessary Medications (4)

A
  • Specific condition
    * Diagnosed and documented in the clinical record
  • Gradual dose reduction
  • Behavioral interventions
    * Are there behavioral triggers
  • GOAL: LOWEST possible dose
47
Q

What type of hoods are used for preparing HAZARDOUS medications and designed to PROTECT PREPARER from exposure to hazardous medications.

A

VERTICAL hoods

48
Q

What type of hoods are most common for STERILE PREPRATION of IV solutions

A

HORIZONTAL hood

49
Q

Name the 5Rs of medication administration.

A

•Right Patient, Medication, Dose, Route, Time

50
Q

USP Chapter 797 represents what?

A

Pharmaceutical Compounding: sterile prep recommendations and regulations regarding IV admixture programs

51
Q

Name the 3 types of MEDAP studies?

A

Detection
Amelioration
Prevention

52
Q

What is the objectives of MEDAP studies?

A

To describe/evaluate DRUG ERRORS and related clinical pharmacist INTERVENTIONS

53
Q

What type of “direct patient care” was monitored in the MEDAP study?

A

patient rounding, “curbside” or formal consult of CPS, MRR

54
Q

What are the 3 types of interventions in the MEDAP studies?

A

Communication
Drug changes
Monitoring

55
Q

Which practice setting had the most errors in the MEDAP study?

A

in-patient

56
Q

Which therapeutic category had the most errors in the MEDAP study?

A
  • anti-infectives

- least:cardiovascular

57
Q

Who participated in the MEDAP study?

A

ALL ACCP associates and full members- practice based research network; CPs providing direct patient care over 14 CONSECUTIVE DAYS; VOLUNTEER to report interventions

Introduction to Pharmacy (Meyonca) (11 decks)

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