Chapter 4

Question 1

The U.S. health care industry is the ______ largest in the world following defense and agriculture.

Answer 1

3rd

Question 2

Characteristic activities of Profession (3)

Answer 2

• Exercise self-regulation and policing

- Exercise judgment in the routine conduct of one’s work –Become the exclusive keeper of a body of knowledge

Question 3

Practitioners that are permitted by the jurisdiction to prescribe a controlled substance (4)

Answer 3

Physicians, Dentist, Veterinarian, Podiatrist

Question 4

Expanded role of pharmacists (7)

Answer 4

• DUR
• Vaccines – 6 month training course
• Patient counseling
• Drug-level laboratory test monitoring and consultation
• Prescription of emergency contraception
• Equivalent drug selection
• Direct drug prescribing

Question 5

What are the two different types of accreditation?

Answer 5

Institutional and Specialized/Program

Question 6

T/F? Institutional accreditation refers to the total institution has met the standards established by the accrediting agency.

Answer 6

true

Question 7

T/F? Specialized/Program refers to parts of an educational institution have met criteria, relating usually to a single profession?

Answer 7

true

Question 8

Registration or Certification? is process by which a non-government agency or association grants recognition to an individual who has met certain predetermined qualifications specified by the agency or association

Answer 8

Certification

Question 9

T/F? Certification is the process by which qualified individuals are listed on an official roster maintained by a government or non-government agency

Answer 9

false

-Registration

Question 10

Licensure or Registration?
The process by which an agency of the government (1) grants permission to people meeting predetermined qualifications to engage in a given occupation and/or use a particular title or (2) grants permission to institutions to perform specified functions

Answer 10

Licensure

Question 11

What 6 specialty areas does the BPS- Board of Pharmaceutical Specialties recognize?

Answer 11

Ambulatory care (2011)
Nuclear pharmacy (1988)
Nutrition support pharmacy (1988)
Oncology pharmacy (1996)
Pharmacotherapy (1988)
Psychiatric pharmacy (1992)

Question 12

Today’s pharmacist must have the following: (4)

Answer 12

• BPharm, BSPharm, or PharmD
• internship hours
• taken NAPLEX, MPJE or CPJE (depending upon state)
• maintain license with CE’s

Question 13

Pharmacist today are more likely to do what? (4)

Answer 13

• go into residency
• go into managed care
• have a post graduate degree
• like clinical practice

Question 14

T/F? >50% of Pharmacist are female and work FULL-time

Answer 14

• false

- >50% are women that work PART-time

Question 15

Residencies (4)

Answer 15

• training program that allows trainee to further develop clinical skills (experienced practioner supervisor)
• Exist to train RPh in professional practice and management skills
• PGY-1 (general wide variety)
• PGY-2 (specialized)

Question 16

Fellowships

Answer 16

• A directed, highly individualized, postgraduate program designed to prepare the participant to become an independent researcher

Question 17

Fellowships are usually offered here? (3)

Answer 17

• colleges of pharmacy,
• academic health centers
• specialized health care institutions, PhRMA, FDA, CDC

Question 18

Future Pharmacist (4)

Answer 18

• Will become more clinically oriented
• Primary care givers/healthcare providers
• Increased authority to prescribe
• Increased role in chronic disease management

Question 19

What are the 2 types of physicians?

Answer 19

• MDs -Allopathic medicine

- DO- Hands on diagnosis-holistic approach-health promotion

Question 20

Training for MD’s (6)

Answer 20

• Didactic training first 2 years
• Clerkship in years 3 and 4 of the post baccalaureate
• Licensure (USMLE-3 stage or COMLE)
• Requires at least one-year
• internship post graduation
• 3-5 years residency training

Question 21

What health care profession requires 1 year of study?

Answer 21

Licensed Practical Nurse

Question 22

What health care profession requires 2 years of graduate training?

Answer 22

Advanced Practice Registered Nurse

Question 23

Which type nurse profession allows for a diploma, A.S, B.S., Masters and Doctorate?

Answer 23

Registered nurse

Question 24

Advanced Practice Registered Nurse or Nurse Practitioner (APRN or NP)- (4)

Answer 24

• Work under a physician
• Established practice agreement w/ MD
• Supervision requirements and RX authority varies by state but usually can write some prescriptions
• In GA, can write RX’s with the exception of CIIs

Question 25

Who may examine patients, diagnose injuries and illnesses and provide treatment under physician supervision?

Answer 25

APRN or NP

Question 26

McDonough and Douchette CWR Model

Answer 26

a conceptual model for the development of pharmacist-physician Collaborative Working Relationship

Question 27

McDonough and Douchette CWR Model stages (5)

Answer 27

Stage 0- Professional Awareness Stage 1- Professional Recognition Stage 2-Exploration and Trial Stage 3-Professional Relationship Expansion Stage 4-Commitment to a collaborative working relationship

Question 28

Short interaction e.g. Refills

Answer 28

Stage 0-Professional Awareness

Question 29

Pharmacist is the initiator-sells what he/she can do for the collaborative relationship

Answer 29

Stage 1-Professional Recognition

Question 30

Pharmacist still the initiator but physician tries the relationship

Answer 30

Stage 2-Exploration and Trial

Question 31

Give and take exchanges but unbalanced-some level of commitment

Answer 31

Stage 3-Professional Relationship Expansion

Question 32

High level of input from each party-equity of effort

Answer 32

Stage 4-Commitment to a collaborative working relationship

Question 33

What 3 domains can exchanges be grouped in?

Answer 33

- relationship initiation - trustworthiness - role specifications

Question 34

In which domain is the pharmacist is the primary initiator. Face-to-face is preferred

Answer 34

relationship initiation

Question 35

In which domain is trust built by provision of high-quality clinical recommendations that improved patient outcomes

Answer 35

trustworthiness

Question 36

In which domain are physicians expect to be the decision makers?

Answer 36

role specifications