Final Exam Review

Question 1

Microbial fermentation in the gut is the only source of this vitamin

Answer 1

cobalamin

Question 2

This individual is famous for the pioneering work with guinea pigs using direct calorimetry for measuring basal metabolic rates

Answer 2

Lavoisier

Question 3

What is a common feature reported among the rabbit, rat, and dog?

Answer 3

They all have microbial fermentation in the hindgut

Question 4

When hydrogen ions are produced in cells they: (do 4 things)

Answer 4

lower pH
bind to proteins
aid in protein digestion
inhibit certain rumen microbes

Question 5

What properties of water allow animals to regulate body temperature?

Answer 5

Heat of vaporization and high heat capacity

Question 6

What feed will result in the maximum heat of fermentation when fed to ruminants?

Answer 6

alfalfa hay

Question 7

Which mineral plays a key role in the entry of glucose

Answer 7

Chromium (Cr)

Question 8

What major mechanisms does the animal body see to regulate pH

Answer 8

Carbonic acid bicarbonate buffer
respiratory release of CO2 from the lungs
Excretion of H ions into the urine

Question 9

The main buffer used by animal cells to maintain extracellular pH is

Answer 9

Carbonic acid bicarbonate buffer

Question 10

The hormone that stimulates Ca mobilization

Answer 10

PTH

Question 11

How to find protein absorbed

Answer 11

Total protein minus fecal protein content

Question 12

How to find protein retained

Answer 12

Total protein minus fecal protein content minus urine protein content

Question 13

How to find BV

Answer 13

protein retained divided by protein absorbed times 100%

Question 14

How to find NPV

Answer 14

protein retained divided by total N intake times 100%

Question 15

Alkalemia is a metabolic condition characterized by

Answer 15

a decrease in hydrogen ion concentration (fewer H ions, makes pH higher, more alkaline)

Question 16

An increase in what is associated with an increase in water loss (3)

Answer 16

Urea
ketones
glucose

Question 17

Which microbes are present in the largest concentration in the rumen?

Answer 17

bacteria

Question 18

What two amino acids are most critical when formulating diets for ruminants?

Answer 18

Lysine and methionine

Question 19

An _____ linkage combines a glycerol with 3 fatty acids to form a triglyceride.

Answer 19

Ester

Question 20

This fatty acid is the precursor for omega 3 fatty acids:

Answer 20

linolenic acid

Question 21

The pair of amino acids that are primarily ketogenic:

Answer 21

Lysine and Leucine

Question 22

The main form in which lipids are transported to various organs and tissues is:

Answer 22

lipoproteins

Question 23

Glycolysis has two stages, an energy requiring stage and an energy releasing stage. During the energy requiring stage, glucose is converted to this important 3 carbon compound:

Answer 23

glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

Question 24

Under normal conditions insulin facilitates glucose uptake in this tissue: (3)

Answer 24

Muscle, heart and liver

Question 25

An abnormally great thirst as a symptom of disease is referred to as:

Answer 25

Polydipsia

Question 26

An animal weighs 102 kg and requires 2000 kcal per day. What are the kcal requirements for this animal on a metabolic BW (BW^0.75) basis ?

Answer 26

62.3 kcal/kg BW^0.75 (

Question 27

This hormone moves glucose into cells thereby lowering concentration of glucose in blood:

Answer 27

insulin

Question 28

The form in which lipids are transported into the lymphatic vessels is:

Answer 28

chylomicrons

Question 29

Which of the following animal indicators is most difficult to determine accurately?

Answer 29

intake

Question 30

Feeding high grain or excess starch can cause:

Answer 30

parakeratosis