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Comptia Network+ MP N10-007 > Final Exam - Other > Flashcards

Final Exam - Other Flashcards

1
Q

What is 10 in 10BaseT

A

An Ethernet standard that transmits at 10 Mbps over twisted wire pairs (telephone wire)

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2
Q

What is 100 in 100BaseT

A

An Ethernet standard that transmits at 100 Mbps. Introduced in 1995 and officially the IEEE 802.3u standard, 100Base-T is a 100 Mbps version of the 10 Mbps 10Base-T.

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3
Q

What is 1000 in 1000BaseT

A

1000BASE-T operates at 1,000 Mbps, or 1 gigabit per second (Gbps). Automatic medium-dependent interface crossover is a standard feature for Gigabit Ethernet. This means that Gigabit ports can auto negotiate the transmit and receive twisted pairs in the cable.

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4
Q

What is ARP?

A

Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)

Address Resolution Protocol is one of the most important protocols of the network layer in the OSI model which helps in finding the MAC(Media Access Control) address given the IP address of the system i.e. the main duty of the ARP is to convert the 32-bit IP address(for IPv4) to 48-bit address i.e. the MAC address.

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5
Q

The destination _____ address facilitates sending each frame from device to device (NIC to NIC).

A

MAC

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6
Q

What is a MAC address?

A

A media access control address (MAC address) is a 48bit (6 octets) unique identifier assigned to a network interface controller (NIC) for use as a network address in communications within a network segment.

This use is common in most IEEE 802 networking technologies, including Ethernet, Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth. Within the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) network model, MAC addresses are used in the medium access control protocol sublayer of the data link layer.

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7
Q

The destination _____ address is used by the router to determine the best path (if any path) to the destination device.

A

IP address

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8
Q

The destination _____ address does NOT change from source to destination

A

IP address

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9
Q

The destination _____ address will change when leaving each device on the way to the next device.

A

MAC

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10
Q

The Ping command can be utilized 2 ways:

ping ip address or ping ________.

A

host name

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11
Q

Ping uses the _____ protocol. Know the reasons for the ping results below:

A

ICMP

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12
Q

Know the reasons for the ping results:

Request timed out

A

The device didn’t reply, is down, or something block the icmp packet like a firewall.

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13
Q

Know the reasons for the ping results:

Time to Live (TTL exceeded)

A

It means your IP packets have crossed too many router hops. Each router will decrement the TTL field in your sent IP packets, and when it reaches 0 the last router will drop the IP packet and respond with an ICMP packet with a TTL exceeded error code.

routing loops can cause this. use a tracert to find the loop.

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14
Q

Know the reasons for the ping results:

Destination Host Unreachable

A

The Destination Host Unreachable error tells that the ping packets from your computer cannot find a route to the destination IP address(destination host).

e.g. it doesn’t know how to get to the destination host you are trying to ping. it doesn’t mean it’s down. It just doesn’t know what route to take to get there. the router doesn’t know where to send the icmp packet.

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15
Q

How many bits in an IPv6 Address? __________

A

128bit

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16
Q

Usual way to write IPv6 Addresses: # hextets ____ with ____ hex characters, separated by the symbol _____

A

Usual way to write IPv6 Addresses: # hextets _8___ with __4__ hex characters, separated by the symbol __:___

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17
Q

Rewrite the following IPv6 number in a the most compressed way:

2001:0DBC:1000:0000:0000:0000:007F:4321

A

Answer: 2001:dbc:1000::7f:4321

—-Rule 1: When there are continuous zeros (0s) in the IPv6 address notation, they are replaced with ::. This rule is also known as zero compression.

For example,

Original IPv6 = ef82:0000:0000:0000:0000:1a12:1234:1b12

Compressed IPv6 = ef82::1a12:1234:1b12

—–Rule 2: Leading zeros (0s) in the 16 bits field can be removed. But each block in which you do this, have at least one number remaining. If the field contains all zeros (0s), you have to leave one zero (0) remaining.

Removing leading zeros (0s) does not have any effect on the value. However, you cannot apply this rule to trailing zeros (0s). This rule is also known as leading zero compression.

For example,

Original IPv6 = 1234:0fd2:5621:0001:0089:0000:0000:4500

Compressed IPv6 = 1234:fd2:5621:1:89:0:0:4500

—–Rule 3: When zeros (0s) are present in discontinuous pattern in IPv6 address notation, then at only one junction, the zeros (0s) are replaced with ::.

For example,

Original IPv6 = 2001:1234:0000:0000:1b12:0000:0000:1a13

Compressed

IPv6 = 2001:1234::1b12:0:0:1a13

or

IPv6 = 2001:1234:0:0:1b12::1a13

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18
Q

IPv6 Global Unicast Address

A

Global unicast address—A unique IPv6 address assigned to a host interface. These addresses have a global scope and essentially the same purposes as IPv4 public addresses. Global unicast addresses are routable on the Internet.

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19
Q

IPv6 Link-Local Address

A

Link-local IPv6 address—An IPv6 address that allows communication between neighboring hosts that reside on the same link. Link-local addresses have a local scope, and cannot be used outside the link. They always have the prefix FE80::/10.

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20
Q

IPv6 Anycast Address

A

An anycast address identifies a set of interfaces that typically belong to different nodes. Anycast addresses are similar to multicast addresses, except that packets are sent only to one interface, not to all interfaces. The routing protocol used in the network usually determines which interface is physically closest within the set of anycast addresses and routes the packet along the shortest path to its destination.

There is no difference between anycast addresses and unicast addresses except for the subnet-router address. For an anycast subnet-router address, the low-order bits, typically 64 or more, are zero. Anycast addresses are taken from the unicast address space.

For more information about anycast addresses, see RFC 2526, Reserved IPv6 Subnet Anycast Addresses.

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21
Q

IPv6 Multicast Address

A

A multicast address identifies a set of interfaces that typically belong to different nodes. When a network device sends a packet to a multicast address, the device broadcasts the packet to all interfaces identified by that address. IPv6 does not support broadcast addresses, but instead uses multicast addresses in this role.

Multicast addresses support 16 different types of address scope, including node, link, site, organization, and global scope. A 4-bit field in the prefix identifies the address scope.

The following types of multicast addresses can be used in an IPv6 subscriber access network:

Solicited-node multicast address—Neighbor Solicitation (NS) messages are sent to this address.
All-nodes multicast address—Router Advertisement (RA) messages are sent to this address.
All-routers multicast address—Router Solicitation (RS) messages are sent to this address.
Multicast addresses use the prefix FF00::/8.

22
Q

IPv6 Loopback Address

A

Loopback IPv6 address—An IPv6 address used on a loopback interfaces. The IPv6 loopback address is 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1, which can be notated as ::1/128.

23
Q

OSI Model

Layer 1

A

Physical - Defines the physical structure of the network and the topology.

BITS

NIC
Ethernet
USB, DSL, ISDN, SONET

network devices: Hub

24
Q

OSI Model

Layer 2

A

DataLink - Provides error detection and correction. Uses two distinct sublayers: the Media Access Control (MAC) and Logical Link Control (LLC) layers. Identifies the method by which media are accessed. Defines hardware addressing through the MAC sublayer.

Frames

MAC addresses
Switches
HDLC, L2TP, PPTP, VLANS

network devices: Wireless bridge, switch, NIC, wireless access point (AP)

25
Q

OSI Model

Layer 3

A

Network - Handles the discovery of destination systems and addressing. Provides the mechanism by which data can be passed and routed from one network system to another.

Packets

routers/routing - RIP and OSPF, IPSEC VPN
IP - ICMP, ARP, IGMP

network devices: Router and layer 3 switch

26
Q

OSI Model

Layer 4

A

Transport - Provides connection services between the sending and receiving devices and ensures reliable data delivery. Manages flow control through buffering or windowing. Provides segmentation, error checking, and service identification.

Segments

TCP
UDP

Buffering, Windowing

27
Q

OSI Model

Layer 5

A

Session - Synchronizes the data exchange between applications on separate devices.

Segments
SQL
RPC
ASP
NFS
SMB
28
Q

OSI Model

Layer 6

A

Presentation - Translates data from the format used by applications into one that can be transmitted across the network. Handles encryption and decryption of data. Provides compression and decompression functionality. Formats data from the application layer into a format that can be sent over the network.

Encryption
Encoding
Compression
JPG, JPEG, TIFF, GIF
ASCII, EBCDIC
MPEG,MP3, MIDI
29
Q

OSI Model

Layer 7

A

Application - Provides access to the network for applications.

HTTP, SMTP, TELNET, DNS, SSH, POP, DHCP
NTP, IMAP, RTP

30
Q

How many layers is the OSI model

A

7 layers

31
Q

mow many layers is the tcp/ip model

A

4 layers

32
Q

TCP/IP Model - Application Layer

which OSI layers are included?

A

applications
presentation
Session

33
Q

TCP/IP Model - Application Layer

which OSI layers are included?

A

applications layer 7
presentation layer 6
Session layer 5

34
Q

TCP/IP Model - transport layer

Which OSI layer is included?

A

Transport layer 4

35
Q

TCP/IP Model - Internet/Network Layer

Which OSI layer is included?

A

Network Layer 3

36
Q

TCP/IP Model - Network Access Layer / Network Interface

Which OSI layer is included?

A

DataLink layer 2

Physical layer 1

37
Q

Which OSI Layer uses Packets

A

Layer 3 - Network

38
Q

Which OSI layer uses segments

A

Layer 4 - Transport

39
Q

Which OSI Layer uses BITS

A

Layer 1 - Physical

40
Q

Which OSI Layer uses Frames

A

Layer 2 - Data Link

41
Q

Which OSI Layer do these protocols run on?

ARP, IP, ICMP, IGMP

A

Layer 3 - Network

42
Q

Which OSI Layer do these protocols run on?

TCP and UDP

A

Layer 4 - Transport

43
Q

Which OSI Layer do these devices run on?

Router

A

Layer 3 - Network

44
Q

Which OSI Layer do these devices run on?

Wireless bridge, switch, NIC, wireless access point (AP)

A

Layer 2 - Data Link

45
Q

Which OSI layers uses Segments

A

Layer 4 - Transport

46
Q

Which OSI layer uses Packets

A

Layer 3 - Network

47
Q

Which OSI layer uses Frames

A

Layer 2 - DataLink

48
Q

What is the max cable length for 10BaseT

A

100 meters / 328 ft

49
Q

What is the max cable length for 100BaseT

A

100 meters / 328 ft

50
Q

What is the max cable length for 1000BaseT

A

100 meters / 328 ft

Comptia Network+ MP N10-007 (9 decks)

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