Final Exam Learning Objectives Flashcards
What neurovasculature structures are susceptible to injury at the surgical neck of the humerus?
Posterior humeral circumflex a.
Axillary n.
(Quadrangular space: teres minor, teres major, long head triceps, shaft of humerus)
What neurovasculature structures are susceptible to injury at the radial groove?
Profunda brachii a.
Radial n.
What neurovasculature structures are susceptible to injury at the distal humeral shaft?
Median n.
Brachial a.
What neurovasculature structures are susceptible to injury at the medial epicondyle of the humerus?
Sup/inf ulnar collateral aa.
Ulnar n.
Basilic v.
What neurovasculature structures are susceptible to injury with a posterior hip dislocation?
Sciatic n.
What neurovasculature structures are susceptible to injury at the head of the fibula?
Common fibular n.
Describe the boundaries of the anatomical snuff box and its contents.
Boundaries:
Extensor pollicis longus
Abductor pollicis longus*
Extensor pollicis brevis*
Contents:
- cephalic v.
- radial a.
- superficial br. radial n.
- scaphoid bone
Describe the components of the cerebral arterial circle.
Posterior cerebral a. Posterior communicating a. Internal carotid a. Anterior cerebral a. Anterior communicating a.
Name the location of the coronary arteries and their branches relative to surface features of the heart.
Anterior interventricular sulcus
- anterior interventricular a.
- great cardiac v.
Posterior interventricular sulcus
- posterior interventricular a.
- middle cardiac v.
Left atrioventricular sulcus
- circumflex br. of left coronary a.
Right margin to right atrioventricular sulcus
- right marginal a.
- small cardiac v.
Identify the clinically relevant sites on dermatome maps of the extremities. (segmental innervation)
Deltoid tuberosity: C5 thumb: C6 index finger: C7 pinky finger: C8 Medial aspect of forearm: T1 Nipple: T4 Xiphoid process: T6 Umbilicus: T10 Great toe: L4 5th toe: S1 Heel: S2
Cutaneous nerve innervation, CN V1
opthalmic
Front 1/2 of head, upper eyelids, bridge of nose
Cutaneous nerve innervation, CN V2
maxillary
Anterior 1/3 temporal bone, cheeks, upper lip, sides of nose
Cutaneous nerve innervation, CN V3
mandibular
middle 1/3 temporal bone, anterior half ear, lower lip, chin
Cutaneous nerve innervation, great auricular n.
area below ear, posterior half of ear
Cutaneous nerve innervation, lesser occipital n.
posterior 1/3 temporal bone, area directly behind ear
Cutaneous nerve innervation, greater occipital n.
posterior portion of head and neck
Lateral femoral cutaneous n.
lumbar plexus
lateral aspect thigh
saphenous n.
femoral n.
medial leg
perforating cutaneous n.
sacral plexus (posterior div)
medial buttock
posterior cutaneous n. of thigh
sacral plexus (ant/post div)
buttock and uppermost medial and posterior thigh
sural n.
tibial n.
lateral leg and foot
lateral sural n.
common fibular n.
lateral aspect leg
Describe the shape of the articular surfaces (convex or concave) of bones participating in joints of the upper extremity.
Clavicle is convex superior to inferior
Manubrium is concave superior to inferior
Clavicle is concave anterior to posterior
Manubrium is convex anterior to posterior
Explain the meningeal coverings of the central nervous system.
Dura mater - Periosteal - Meningeal Arachnoid mater - arachnoid filaments Pia mater - adhered to brain and spinal cord - filum terminale
