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Applied Chemistry > Final Exam - Exam 1 Recap > Flashcards

Final Exam - Exam 1 Recap Flashcards

1
Q

What is a chemical change?

A

Change that alters chemical compisition; creates different substances

Iron rusting

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2
Q

What are physical properties?

A

Odor, taste, color, melting, and boiling point

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3
Q

What are chemical changes?

A

Corrosiveness, flammibilty, acidity, toxicity

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4
Q

What does the atomic number represent?

A

The number of protons

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5
Q

What does the mass number represent?

A

The number of protons and neutrons.

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6
Q

What is the molar mass or atomic mass?

A

Average mass of an element based on the mass of the isotopes. Molar mass is g/mol

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7
Q

How do you know how many electrons an element has?

A

The atomic number, same as protons, plus or minus its charge.

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8
Q

Where are electrons lost and gained from?

A

The valence shell/highest orbital level

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9
Q

How should you order elements in a chemical forumla?

A

CHXNOS

Where X is a halogen

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10
Q

How do you determine the chemical formula for ionic compounds?

A

Write the ions first, look at the charges, balance the charges, simplify if possible.

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11
Q

How do you name ionic compounds?

A

name of cation (metal) + base name of anion (nonmetal) + -ide

KCl = potassium chloride

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12
Q

Polyatomic ions

Formula for Acetate?

A

C2H3O2-

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13
Q

Polyatomic ions

Formula for Carbonate?

A

CO3(2-)

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14
Q

Polyatomic ions

Formula for bicarbonate?

A

HCO3-

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15
Q

Polyatomic ions

Formula for hydroxide?

A

OH-

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16
Q

Polyatomic ions

Formula for nitrite?

A

NO2-

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17
Q

Polyatomic ions

Formula for nitrate?

A

NO3-

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18
Q

Polyatomic ions

Formula for chromate?

A

CrO4(2-)

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19
Q

Polyatomic ions

Formula for dichromate?

A

Cr2O7(2-)

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20
Q

Polyatomic ions

Formula for phosphate?

A

PO4(3-)

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21
Q

Polyatomic ions

Formula for hydrogen phosphate?

A

HPO4(2-)

22
Q

Polyatomic ions

Formula for dihydrogen phosphate?

A

H2PO4(-)

23
Q

Polyatomic ions

Formula for ammonium?

A

NH4+

Only polyatomic cation

24
Q

Polyatomic ions

Formula for hypochlorite?

A

ClO-

25
Q

Polyatomic ions

Formula for chlorite?

A

ClO2(-)

26
Q

Polyatomic ions

Formula for chlorate?

A

ClO3(-)

27
Q

Polyatomic ions

Formula for perchlorate?

A

ClO4(-)

28
Q

Polyatomic ions

Formula for sulfite?

A

SO3(2-)

29
Q

Polyatomic ions

Formula for bisulfite?

A

HSO3(-)

30
Q

Polyatomic ions

Formula for sulfate?

A

SO4(2-)

31
Q

Polyatomic ions

Formula for bisulfate?

A

HSO4(-)

32
Q

Polyatomic ions

Formula for cyanide?

A

CN-

33
Q

Polyatomic ions

Formula for iodate?

A

IO3-

34
Q

Polyatomic ions

Formula for bromate?

A

BrO3-

35
Q

How do you name ionic compouds with transition metals?

A

Determine ion charge of cation using:
-(anion subscript)(anion charge)/cation subscript
Then indicate the ion charge using roman numerals in parenthesis

Ex: Cr(PO4)2 is Chromium (VI) phosphate

36
Q

How do you name oxoacids?

A

Oxyanion ending with -ate = base name of oxyanion + -ic+ acid
Oxyanion ending with -ite = base name oxyanion + -ous + acid

37
Q

What are the 2 transition metals that have predictable charges?

A

Zn 2+, Ag +

38
Q

MG, EG, and bond angle for AX2?

A

MG: Linear
EG: Linear
Bond angle: 180 degrees

39
Q

MG, EG, and bond angle for AX3?

A

MG: Trigonal planar
EG: Trigonal planar
Bond angle: 120

40
Q

MG, EG, and bond angle for AX2E?

A

MG: Bent
EG: Trigonal Planar
Bond angle: <120

41
Q

MG, EG, and bond angle for AX4?

A

MG: Tetrahedral
EG: Tetrahedral
Bond angle: 109.5

42
Q

MG, EG, and bond angle for AX3E?

A

MG: Trigonal pyramidal
EG: Tetrahedral
Bond angle: <109.5

43
Q

MG, EG, and bond angle for AX2E2?

A

MG: Bent
EG: Tetrahedral
Bond angle: <109.5

44
Q

MG, EG, and bond angle for AX5?

A

MG: Trigonal bipyramidal
EG: Trigonal bipyramidal
Bond angle: 180, 120, 90

45
Q

MG, EG, and bond angle for AX4E?

A

MG: See-saw
EG: Trigonal bipyramidal
Bond angle: 180, 90

46
Q

MG, EG, and bond angle for AX3E2?

A

MG: T-shaped
EG: Trigonal bipyramidal
Bond angle: 180, 90

47
Q

MG, EG, and bond angle for AX2E3?

A

MG: Linear
EG: Trigonal bypyramidal
Bond angle: 180

48
Q

MG, EG, and bond angle for AX6?

A

MG: Octahedral
EG: Octahedral
Bond angle: 180, 90

49
Q

MG, EG, and bond angle for AX5E?

A

MG: Square pyramidal
EG: Octahedral
Bond angle: 180, 90

50
Q

MG, EG, and bond angle for AX4E2?

A

MG: Square Planar
EG: Octahedral
Bond angle: 180 ,90

Applied Chemistry (13 decks)

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