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Applied Chemistry > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

When are hydrogen atoms drawn in bond-angle formulas?

A

When attached to heteroatoms: P, O, S, N

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2
Q

What atoms are always drawn in bond-angle formulas?

A

Heteroatoms and halogens

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3
Q

What does this condensed formula represent?
R-CHO

A
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4
Q

What does this condensed formula represent?
R-CO2H

A
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5
Q

What does this condensed formula represent?
R-CO2R

A
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6
Q

What does this condensed formula represent?
R-NO2

A
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7
Q

What does this condensed formula represent?
R-CN

A
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8
Q

What does this condensed formula represent?
R-CONH2

A
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9
Q

What would make C have a +1 charge?

A

3 bonds and 0 lone pairs

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10
Q

What would make C have a 0 charge?

A

4 bonds

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11
Q

What would make C have a -1 charge?

A

3 bonds and 1 lone pair

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12
Q

What would make N have a +1 charge?

A

4 bonds and 0 lone pair

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13
Q

What would make N have a 0 charge?

A

3 bonds and 1 lone pair

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14
Q

What would make N have a -1 charge?

A

2 bonds and 2 lone pair

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15
Q

What would make O have a +1 charge?

A

3 bonds and 1 lone pair

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16
Q

What would make O have a 0 charge?

A

2 bonds and 2 lone pair

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17
Q

What would make O have a -1 charge?

A

1 bond and 3 lone pair

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18
Q

What would cause a X to have +1 charge?

A

2 bonds and 2 lone pairs

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19
Q

What would cause a X to have 0 charge?

A

1 bond and 3 lone pair

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20
Q

What would cause a X to have -1 charge?

A

0 bonds and 4 lone pair

21
Q

What is this functional group?
C-C

A

Alkane

22
Q

What is this functional group?
C=C

A

Alkene

23
Q

What is this functional group?

A

Alkyne

24
Q

What is this functional group?
C-X

A

Halides
(Fluoride, Brominde)

25
Q

What is this functional group?
C-OH

A

Alcohols

26
Q

What is this functional group?
C-O-C

A

Ethers

27
Q

What is this functional group?
C-SH

A

Thiol

28
Q

What is this functional group?
C-S-R

A

Sulfide

29
Q

What is this functional group?
C-N

A

Amines

30
Q

What is this functional group?
C=O

A

Carbonyl
-Contained all these functional groups

31
Q

What is this functional group?

A

Aldehyde

32
Q

What is this functional group?

A

Ketone

33
Q

What is this functional group?

A

Ester

34
Q

What is this functional group?

A

Amides

35
Q

What is this functional group?

A

Carboxylic acid

36
Q

How do you identify the parent chain?

A

The longest chain of carbons containing the highest priority functional group

37
Q

How do you number the chain?

A

Ensure the highest priority group has the lowest number
If multiple similar groups, ensure lowest possible numbers for all substituents
You cannot number into or out of a ring

38
Q

What are the prefixes for naming the parent chain 1-12?

A
39
Q

How do you determine parent chain priority?

A

Alkenes > Alkynes > Alkanes

40
Q

What is this substituent?

A

Isopropyl

41
Q

What is this substiuent?

A

Sec-butyl

42
Q

What is this substituent?

A

T-butyl

43
Q

What is this substituent?

A

Isobutyl

44
Q

How do you name substituents of the same type?

A
45
Q

How do you name substituents attached to the parent chain?

A

Alkane = -yl
Alkene = -enyl
Alkane = -ynyl

46
Q

What are enatiomers?

A

All stereocenters switched between 2 structures. Only difference in compounds are optical rotation

47
Q

What are diastereomers?

A

Must have 2 stereocenters and one stereocenter must remain the same.
They have completely different properties.

48
Q

What other way can you name disubstituted benzenes with common names without numbers?

A
  • Ortho - 1,2
  • Meta - 1,3
  • Para - 1,4

Applied Chemistry (11 decks)

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