Final Exam Flashcards
Aristotle taught that species cannot change or adapt to the environment.
True
The Bible teaches that species cannot change or adapt.
False
The Bible teaches that change in organisms is limited to its unique kind.
True
Biblical kind and scientific species are the same.
False
If scientists do not know the function of a particular body part (vestigial organs) then it has no function.
False
Scholars in the early part of the 19th century had a Biblical view of species.
False
The place Darwin visited on his trip around the world that had the greatest impact on his thinking was
The Galapagos Islands
George Cuvier was a strong proponent of the theory of
Catastrophism
Which of the following statements is NOT true concerning Lamarck’s theory of inheritance of acquired characteristics?
Nature selects the best adapted individuals to survive and reproduce (natural selection).
Darwin was influenced by which of the following concepts attributable to Charles Lyell?
The geologic forces in Earth’s history show predictable uniformity.
According to Darwin, natural selection is based not the _____ found in populations.
Variations
Thomas Malthus proposed that
the population may multiplied faster than the food supply.
Evolutionists postulate that fossils were formed by a slow process.
True
If a fish dies and sinks to the bottom of a lake it will remain intact for hundreds of years while it is covered with sediment and becomes fossilized.
False
The current theory of the slow process of fossilization is adequate to explain the abundance of fossilized excrement.
False
The only way sedimentary fossils can be formed is by an extensive flood.
True
The current discovery of moist tissue in dinosaurs can be explained by the current evolutionary model of fossil formation.
False
Radiometric dating is an exact science and always gives precise answers.
False
The assumption of the original composition of a rock be tested by radiometric dating cannot be tested.
True
The fossil record is full of intermediate species (missing links) that demonstrate an evolutionary sequence.
False
The Nebraska man was constructed from the tooth of an extinct pig.
True
Ramapithecus was constructed from the bones of an orangutan.
True
The chicken wing and the bat wing are considered homologous structures.
True
The bat wing and the butterfly wing are considered homologous structured.
False
A stem mammal is a fictitious animal.
True
Similarity in the design of animal limbs can be evidence for a common creator.
True
Which of the following can be directly changed by natural selection?
Populations
New variations of genes in a population may be produced by
All of the above
The person credited with being the co-discoverer of the theory of natural selection was
Alfred Wallace
Which is the original source of new alleles within a population?
Mutation
The peppered moth example does not illustrate or prove the following
Macroevolution
Directional selection menas that
the organisms on one extreme of the population have a better chance to survive than those on the other extreme.
An insect that exhibits resistance to a pesticide
Inherited genes that made it resistant to the pesticide
The peppered moth illustration demonstrates the following:
The environment can cause change in gene frequencies
The development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria does not illustrate or prove the following:
That bacterium can evolve into plants
In an environment without warfarin the mutant mouse will have a selective advantage.
False
The mutation that produced the warfarin-resistant mouse increased the amount of information in the DNA.
False
Stabilizing selection means that
the extremes of the population have a lesser chance to survive.
The fact that the average human birth-weight remains at about seven pounds is due to
the forces of stabilizing selection
In an unchanging environment selection in a well-adapted population is usually
stabilizing
In a certain bird species, clutch size (the number of eggs laid by a female in one breeding season) range from four to eight and the most frequent clutch size is six.
Stabilizing selection
Disruptive selection favors
the extremes of a range of variation
the introduction of a small population onto an island that results in a limited gene pool for a population best describes
the bottleneck effect
The sharp reduction of the gene pool and the numbers of a population through a severe epidemic is an example of
the bottleneck effect
The influence of genetic drift on allele frequencies increases as
both of these
When a population goes through a bottleneck,
genetic drift is likely to occur.
inbreeding in mammals increases the chance of two recessive deleterious genes coming together.
True
Some organisms are easily classified as species; however, with some it is very difficult to classify.
True
Mayr’s definition of species easily applies to fossils.
False
Reproductive isolation is necessary to maintain a pure breed dog.
True
Reproductive isolation is not necessary to maintain the integrity of a species.
True
If significant gene low occurs between two different species, then those species will eventually become very similar.
True
If a population of birds fly to an isolated island, then they may adapt to the new environment to the extent that they may be called a new species.
True
In allopatric speciation a physical barrier ends gene flow between two populations.
True
Because there is no evidence for the gradualism model of macroevolution, scientists have postulated the punctuated equilibrium model.
True
The punctuated equilibrium is an admission that there are not convincing intermediate links in the macroevolution model.
True
Evidence for natural selection proves the existence of macroevolution.
False
The development of a fish growing legs and walking is an example of macroevolution.
True
For dinosaurs to evolve wings and become birds would involve that every intermediate step be a selective advantage over the previous step.
True
The adaptation of the Hawaiian honeycreepers to a new niche demonstrates macroevolution.
False
Most species that have ever lived are still in existence.
False
Biologists agree on the mechanism of macroevolution.
False
Your book calls theories of macroevolution hypotheses.
True
Properties of DNA must
All of the above
Sulfure is
Found in proteins but not nucleic acids.
A bacteriophage is a bacterium that infects viruses
False
In the pairing of two nucleotides within the double helix,
All of these
From X-ray diffraction data, which of the following was determined about DNA?
All of these
In the bonding of nitrogenous bases,
guanine is paired with cytosine
Rosalind Franklin used which technique to determine many of the physical characteristics of DNA?
X-ray diffraction
In DNA molecules,
the nucleotides are arrange in a linear, un-branched pattern.
Each DNA strand has a backbone that consists of alternating
sugar and phosphate molecules
A chromosome is made up of the following
DNA and proteins
Histones provide organization and structure for the DNA.
True
A faulty centromere region could effect chromosome separation during mitosis
True
Autosomes determine the gender of the person
False
Which of the following designates a normal human male?
XY
A karyotype
is a visual display of chromosomes arranged according to size.
DNA ligase
fills tiny gaps between short stretches of DNA.
Destruction of a primer would stop DNA replication in the middle of the process.
False
Primers are loosely attached to the DNA strand by covalent bonds.
False
Semiconservative means that the replicated DNA contains one new strand and one old strand.
True
The 5’ in DNA refers to the hydrogen atoms.
False
A mutation is a temporary change in the DNA molecule.
False
Evolutionists would be more interested in mutations in gametes than in somatic cells,
True
DNA polymerase can correct many mistakes in replication.
True
A mutation in an egg will be passed not the rest of the cells of the organism.
True
Carcinogenic compounds can cause mutations that disrupt the cell cycle.
True
Cloning simply means an identical copy.
True
Identical twins are clones.
True
In cloning animals, the egg cell is stimulated to divide and form an individual by simply shocking the egg.
False
