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Biological Science (Sc 103) > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Aristotle taught that species cannot change or adapt to the environment.

A

True

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2
Q

The Bible teaches that species cannot change or adapt.

A

False

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3
Q

The Bible teaches that change in organisms is limited to its unique kind.

A

True

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4
Q

Biblical kind and scientific species are the same.

A

False

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5
Q

If scientists do not know the function of a particular body part (vestigial organs) then it has no function.

A

False

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6
Q

Scholars in the early part of the 19th century had a Biblical view of species.

A

False

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7
Q

The place Darwin visited on his trip around the world that had the greatest impact on his thinking was

A

The Galapagos Islands

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8
Q

George Cuvier was a strong proponent of the theory of

A

Catastrophism

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9
Q

Which of the following statements is NOT true concerning Lamarck’s theory of inheritance of acquired characteristics?

A

Nature selects the best adapted individuals to survive and reproduce (natural selection).

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10
Q

Darwin was influenced by which of the following concepts attributable to Charles Lyell?

A

The geologic forces in Earth’s history show predictable uniformity.

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11
Q

According to Darwin, natural selection is based not the _____ found in populations.

A

Variations

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12
Q

Thomas Malthus proposed that

A

the population may multiplied faster than the food supply.

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13
Q

Evolutionists postulate that fossils were formed by a slow process.

A

True

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14
Q

If a fish dies and sinks to the bottom of a lake it will remain intact for hundreds of years while it is covered with sediment and becomes fossilized.

A

False

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15
Q

The current theory of the slow process of fossilization is adequate to explain the abundance of fossilized excrement.

A

False

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16
Q

The only way sedimentary fossils can be formed is by an extensive flood.

A

True

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17
Q

The current discovery of moist tissue in dinosaurs can be explained by the current evolutionary model of fossil formation.

A

False

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18
Q

Radiometric dating is an exact science and always gives precise answers.

A

False

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19
Q

The assumption of the original composition of a rock be tested by radiometric dating cannot be tested.

A

True

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20
Q

The fossil record is full of intermediate species (missing links) that demonstrate an evolutionary sequence.

A

False

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21
Q

The Nebraska man was constructed from the tooth of an extinct pig.

A

True

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22
Q

Ramapithecus was constructed from the bones of an orangutan.

A

True

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23
Q

The chicken wing and the bat wing are considered homologous structures.

A

True

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24
Q

The bat wing and the butterfly wing are considered homologous structured.

A

False

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25
Q

A stem mammal is a fictitious animal.

A

True

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26
Q

Similarity in the design of animal limbs can be evidence for a common creator.

A

True

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27
Q

Which of the following can be directly changed by natural selection?

A

Populations

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28
Q

New variations of genes in a population may be produced by

A

All of the above

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29
Q

The person credited with being the co-discoverer of the theory of natural selection was

A

Alfred Wallace

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30
Q

Which is the original source of new alleles within a population?

A

Mutation

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31
Q

The peppered moth example does not illustrate or prove the following

A

Macroevolution

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32
Q

Directional selection menas that

A

the organisms on one extreme of the population have a better chance to survive than those on the other extreme.

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33
Q

An insect that exhibits resistance to a pesticide

A

Inherited genes that made it resistant to the pesticide

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34
Q

The peppered moth illustration demonstrates the following:

A

The environment can cause change in gene frequencies

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35
Q

The development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria does not illustrate or prove the following:

A

That bacterium can evolve into plants

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36
Q

In an environment without warfarin the mutant mouse will have a selective advantage.

A

False

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37
Q

The mutation that produced the warfarin-resistant mouse increased the amount of information in the DNA.

A

False

38
Q

Stabilizing selection means that

A

the extremes of the population have a lesser chance to survive.

39
Q

The fact that the average human birth-weight remains at about seven pounds is due to

A

the forces of stabilizing selection

40
Q

In an unchanging environment selection in a well-adapted population is usually

A

stabilizing

41
Q

In a certain bird species, clutch size (the number of eggs laid by a female in one breeding season) range from four to eight and the most frequent clutch size is six.

A

Stabilizing selection

42
Q

Disruptive selection favors

A

the extremes of a range of variation

43
Q

the introduction of a small population onto an island that results in a limited gene pool for a population best describes

A

the bottleneck effect

44
Q

The sharp reduction of the gene pool and the numbers of a population through a severe epidemic is an example of

A

the bottleneck effect

45
Q

The influence of genetic drift on allele frequencies increases as

A

both of these

46
Q

When a population goes through a bottleneck,

A

genetic drift is likely to occur.

47
Q

inbreeding in mammals increases the chance of two recessive deleterious genes coming together.

A

True

48
Q

Some organisms are easily classified as species; however, with some it is very difficult to classify.

A

True

49
Q

Mayr’s definition of species easily applies to fossils.

A

False

50
Q

Reproductive isolation is necessary to maintain a pure breed dog.

A

True

51
Q

Reproductive isolation is not necessary to maintain the integrity of a species.

A

True

52
Q

If significant gene low occurs between two different species, then those species will eventually become very similar.

A

True

53
Q

If a population of birds fly to an isolated island, then they may adapt to the new environment to the extent that they may be called a new species.

A

True

54
Q

In allopatric speciation a physical barrier ends gene flow between two populations.

A

True

55
Q

Because there is no evidence for the gradualism model of macroevolution, scientists have postulated the punctuated equilibrium model.

A

True

56
Q

The punctuated equilibrium is an admission that there are not convincing intermediate links in the macroevolution model.

A

True

57
Q

Evidence for natural selection proves the existence of macroevolution.

A

False

58
Q

The development of a fish growing legs and walking is an example of macroevolution.

A

True

59
Q

For dinosaurs to evolve wings and become birds would involve that every intermediate step be a selective advantage over the previous step.

A

True

60
Q

The adaptation of the Hawaiian honeycreepers to a new niche demonstrates macroevolution.

A

False

61
Q

Most species that have ever lived are still in existence.

A

False

62
Q

Biologists agree on the mechanism of macroevolution.

A

False

63
Q

Your book calls theories of macroevolution hypotheses.

A

True

64
Q

Properties of DNA must

A

All of the above

65
Q

Sulfure is

A

Found in proteins but not nucleic acids.

66
Q

A bacteriophage is a bacterium that infects viruses

A

False

67
Q

In the pairing of two nucleotides within the double helix,

A

All of these

68
Q

From X-ray diffraction data, which of the following was determined about DNA?

A

All of these

69
Q

In the bonding of nitrogenous bases,

A

guanine is paired with cytosine

70
Q

Rosalind Franklin used which technique to determine many of the physical characteristics of DNA?

A

X-ray diffraction

71
Q

In DNA molecules,

A

the nucleotides are arrange in a linear, un-branched pattern.

72
Q

Each DNA strand has a backbone that consists of alternating

A

sugar and phosphate molecules

73
Q

A chromosome is made up of the following

A

DNA and proteins

74
Q

Histones provide organization and structure for the DNA.

A

True

75
Q

A faulty centromere region could effect chromosome separation during mitosis

A

True

76
Q

Autosomes determine the gender of the person

A

False

77
Q

Which of the following designates a normal human male?

A

XY

78
Q

A karyotype

A

is a visual display of chromosomes arranged according to size.

79
Q

DNA ligase

A

fills tiny gaps between short stretches of DNA.

80
Q

Destruction of a primer would stop DNA replication in the middle of the process.

A

False

81
Q

Primers are loosely attached to the DNA strand by covalent bonds.

A

False

82
Q

Semiconservative means that the replicated DNA contains one new strand and one old strand.

A

True

83
Q

The 5’ in DNA refers to the hydrogen atoms.

A

False

84
Q

A mutation is a temporary change in the DNA molecule.

A

False

85
Q

Evolutionists would be more interested in mutations in gametes than in somatic cells,

A

True

86
Q

DNA polymerase can correct many mistakes in replication.

A

True

87
Q

A mutation in an egg will be passed not the rest of the cells of the organism.

A

True

88
Q

Carcinogenic compounds can cause mutations that disrupt the cell cycle.

A

True

89
Q

Cloning simply means an identical copy.

A

True

90
Q

Identical twins are clones.

A

True

91
Q

In cloning animals, the egg cell is stimulated to divide and form an individual by simply shocking the egg.

A

False

Biological Science (Sc 103) (7 decks)

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