Chapter 22,25, & 26.1-4 Flashcards
Fungi are eukaryotic. What is a eukaryotic cell?
Cells that have a membrane bound nucleus.
How do fungi obtain nutrients?
They secrete digestive enzymes into the environment and then absorb the nutrients.
What are enzymes?
Enzymes speed up a chemical reaction. They are organic molecules that speed up the rate at which a reaction approaches equilibrium.
Compare how fungi and bacteria obtain nutrition.
They both secrete enzymes into the environment and then absorb the digested nutrients.
The body of a multicellular fungi is a thread like structure called a ?
Mycelium
How do fungal cell walls differ from plant cell walls?
Fungal cells have chitin in their cell walls like insects. Plants have cellulose.
Why are fungi important for the environment?
They are decomposers
What is the mycorrhiza and why is it important?
Mycorrhiza is the mutualistic interaction between plant roots and soil fungi.
Parasites usually do not outright kill the host. Why not?
If the host dies than the parasite will usually die.
What is ant-fungus mutualism?
it is a symbiosis seen in certain ant and fungal species, in which ants actively cultivate fungus much like human’s farm crops as food.
How do leafcutter ants obtain nutrition?
They grow fungi on the leaves.
Elm trees were once very common in America, hence all of the Elm streets. What happened to the American Elm tree?
They were destroyed by Dutch elm disease.
What causes Dutch elm disease and how is it spread?
It is a fungal disease spread by elm bark beetles.
Why are there currently very few chestnut trees?
Chestnut blight destroyed most of the trees
What causes chestnut blight and where did it come from?
Chestnut blight is a fungus that is native to China.
