Chapter 1 (2-18) Flashcards
Fundamental building block of all matter.
Atom
The scientific study of life.
Biology
All regions of Earth where organisms live.
Biosphere
Smallest unit of life.
Cell
All populations of all species in a given area.
Community
A community interacting with its environment.
Ecosystem
A characteristic of a system that does not appear in any of the system’s component parts.
Emergent property
An association of two or more atoms.
Molecule
In multi celled organisms, a grouping of tissues engaged in a collective task.
Organ
Individual that consists of one ore more cells.
Organism
In multi celled organisms, set of organs engaged in a collective task that keeps the body functioning properly.
Organ system
Group of interbreeding individuals of the same species that live in a given area.
Population
In multi celled organisms, specialized cells organized in a pattern that allows them to perform a collective function.
Tissue
Organism that gets energy and nutrients by feeding on tissues, waters, or remains of other organisms.
Consumer
Multistep process by which the first cell of a new multi celled organism gives rise to an adult.
Development
Deoxyribonucleic acid: carriers hereditary information that guides development and other activities.
DNA
In multi celled species, an increase in the number, size, and volume of cells.
Growth
Process in which an organism keeps its internal conditions within tolerable ranges by sensing and responding to change.
Homeostasis
Transmission of DNA to offspring.
Inheritance
Substance that an organism needs for growth and survival but cannot make for itself.
Nutrient
Process by which producers use light energy to make sugars from carbon dioxide and water.
Photosynthesis
Organism that makes its own food using energy and nonbiological raw materials from the environment.
Producer
Processes by which parents produce offspring.
Reproduction
Multicelled consumer that develops through a series of stages and moves about during part or all of its life.
Animal
Group of single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus but are more closely related to eukaryotes than to bacteria.
Archaea
The most diverse and well-known group of single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus.
Bacteria
Scope of variation among living organisms.
Biodiversity
Organism whose cells characteristically have a nucleus.
Eukaryote
Single-celled or multi celled eukaryotic consumer that breaks down material outside itself, then absorbs nutrients released from the breakdown.
Fungus
Sac that encloses a cell’s DNA: has two membranes
Nucleus
A multicelled, typically photosynthetic producer.
Plant
Single-celled organism without a nucleus.
Prokaryote
Member of a diverse group of simple eukaryotes.
Protist
A group of species that share a unique set of traits.
Genus
Unique type of organism.
Species
Second part of a species name.
Specific Epithet
Group of organisms that share a unique set of traits.
Taxon
The science of naming and classifying species.
Taxonomy
An observable characteristic of an organism or species.
Trait
Group of individuals identical to an experimental group except for the independent variable under investigation.
Control Group
Judging information before accepting it.
Critical Thinking
Experimental Results.
Data
Using a general idea to make a conclusion about a specific case.
Deductive Reasoning
In an experiment, a group of individuals who have a certain characteristic or receive a certain treatment.
Experimental Group
A test designed to support or falsify a prediction.
Experiment
Testable explanation of a natural phenomenon.
Hypothesis
Variable that is controlled by an experimenter in order to explore its relationship to a dependent variable.
Independent Variable
Drawing a conclusion based on observation.
Inductive Reasoning
Analogous system used for testing hypothesis.
Model
Statement, based on a hypothesis, about a condition that should exist if the hypothesis is correct.
Prediction
Systematic study of the observable world.
Science
Making, testing, and evaluating hypotheses.
Scientific Method
In an experiment, a characteristic or event that differs among individuals or over time.
Variable
The chance that a particular outcome of an event will occur; depends on the total number of outcomes possible.
Probability
Difference between results derived from testing an entire group of events of individuals, and results derived from testing a subset of the group.
Sampling error
Refers to a result that is statistical unlikely to have occurred by chance.
Statistically Significant
