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Biological Science (Sc 103) > Chapter 1 (2-18) > Flashcards

Chapter 1 (2-18) Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Fundamental building block of all matter.

A

Atom

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2
Q

The scientific study of life.

A

Biology

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3
Q

All regions of Earth where organisms live.

A

Biosphere

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4
Q

Smallest unit of life.

A

Cell

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5
Q

All populations of all species in a given area.

A

Community

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6
Q

A community interacting with its environment.

A

Ecosystem

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7
Q

A characteristic of a system that does not appear in any of the system’s component parts.

A

Emergent property

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8
Q

An association of two or more atoms.

A

Molecule

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9
Q

In multi celled organisms, a grouping of tissues engaged in a collective task.

A

Organ

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10
Q

Individual that consists of one ore more cells.

A

Organism

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11
Q

In multi celled organisms, set of organs engaged in a collective task that keeps the body functioning properly.

A

Organ system

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12
Q

Group of interbreeding individuals of the same species that live in a given area.

A

Population

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13
Q

In multi celled organisms, specialized cells organized in a pattern that allows them to perform a collective function.

A

Tissue

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14
Q

Organism that gets energy and nutrients by feeding on tissues, waters, or remains of other organisms.

A

Consumer

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15
Q

Multistep process by which the first cell of a new multi celled organism gives rise to an adult.

A

Development

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16
Q

Deoxyribonucleic acid: carriers hereditary information that guides development and other activities.

A

DNA

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17
Q

In multi celled species, an increase in the number, size, and volume of cells.

A

Growth

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18
Q

Process in which an organism keeps its internal conditions within tolerable ranges by sensing and responding to change.

A

Homeostasis

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19
Q

Transmission of DNA to offspring.

A

Inheritance

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20
Q

Substance that an organism needs for growth and survival but cannot make for itself.

A

Nutrient

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21
Q

Process by which producers use light energy to make sugars from carbon dioxide and water.

A

Photosynthesis

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22
Q

Organism that makes its own food using energy and nonbiological raw materials from the environment.

A

Producer

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23
Q

Processes by which parents produce offspring.

A

Reproduction

24
Q

Multicelled consumer that develops through a series of stages and moves about during part or all of its life.

A

Animal

25
Q

Group of single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus but are more closely related to eukaryotes than to bacteria.

A

Archaea

26
Q

The most diverse and well-known group of single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus.

A

Bacteria

27
Q

Scope of variation among living organisms.

A

Biodiversity

28
Q

Organism whose cells characteristically have a nucleus.

A

Eukaryote

29
Q

Single-celled or multi celled eukaryotic consumer that breaks down material outside itself, then absorbs nutrients released from the breakdown.

A

Fungus

30
Q

Sac that encloses a cell’s DNA: has two membranes

A

Nucleus

31
Q

A multicelled, typically photosynthetic producer.

A

Plant

32
Q

Single-celled organism without a nucleus.

A

Prokaryote

33
Q

Member of a diverse group of simple eukaryotes.

A

Protist

34
Q

A group of species that share a unique set of traits.

A

Genus

35
Q

Unique type of organism.

A

Species

36
Q

Second part of a species name.

A

Specific Epithet

37
Q

Group of organisms that share a unique set of traits.

A

Taxon

38
Q

The science of naming and classifying species.

A

Taxonomy

39
Q

An observable characteristic of an organism or species.

A

Trait

40
Q

Group of individuals identical to an experimental group except for the independent variable under investigation.

A

Control Group

41
Q

Judging information before accepting it.

A

Critical Thinking

42
Q

Experimental Results.

A

Data

43
Q

Using a general idea to make a conclusion about a specific case.

A

Deductive Reasoning

44
Q

In an experiment, a group of individuals who have a certain characteristic or receive a certain treatment.

A

Experimental Group

45
Q

A test designed to support or falsify a prediction.

A

Experiment

46
Q

Testable explanation of a natural phenomenon.

A

Hypothesis

47
Q

Variable that is controlled by an experimenter in order to explore its relationship to a dependent variable.

A

Independent Variable

48
Q

Drawing a conclusion based on observation.

A

Inductive Reasoning

49
Q

Analogous system used for testing hypothesis.

A

Model

50
Q

Statement, based on a hypothesis, about a condition that should exist if the hypothesis is correct.

A

Prediction

51
Q

Systematic study of the observable world.

A

Science

52
Q

Making, testing, and evaluating hypotheses.

A

Scientific Method

53
Q

In an experiment, a characteristic or event that differs among individuals or over time.

A

Variable

54
Q

The chance that a particular outcome of an event will occur; depends on the total number of outcomes possible.

A

Probability

55
Q

Difference between results derived from testing an entire group of events of individuals, and results derived from testing a subset of the group.

A

Sampling error

56
Q

Refers to a result that is statistical unlikely to have occurred by chance.

A

Statistically Significant

Biological Science (Sc 103) (7 decks)

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