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Rad. positioning > final exam > Flashcards

final exam Flashcards

1
Q

In the anatomic position the palms of the hands are facing

A

forward

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2
Q

Which of the following positioning terms indicates the patient is lying down and the central ray is horizontal

A

decubitis

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3
Q

Where are the hands placed for a PA projection of the chest?

A

back of hands on hips

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4
Q

Which lateral projection of the foot is most commonly performed?

A

mediolateral

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5
Q

The PA projection of the wrist in ulnar deviation clearly demonstrate the:

A

scaphoid

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6
Q

Which bone classification is defined as those develop in or near the tendons?

A

sesamoid

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7
Q

What is the optimal respiration phase for a PA or lateral chest radiograph?

A

second breath, full inspiration

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8
Q

Which plane must be accurately parallel with the IR to prevent distortion of the thoracic structures during a lateral chest radiograph?

A

midsagittal

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9
Q

If the patient cannot be placed in the lordotic position for radiography of the pulmonary apices, what is the central ray angle that can be used to project the clavicles above the apices?

A

15-20 degrees cephalad

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10
Q

Fluid that collects in the pleural cavity is termed:

A

PLEURAL EFFUSION

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11
Q

Which positioning maneuver moves the scapulae out of the lateral aspects of the lungs?

A

Rolling the shoulders forward

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12
Q

The longest lungs will be found in which type of body habitus?

A

Asthenic

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13
Q

A hole in a bone for transmission of blood vessels and nerves is called a

A

foramen

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14
Q

Near the age of 21, full ossification occurs between the ends and the central shaft of long bones. The moderately visible area where the bones join is called the

A

epiphyseal line

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15
Q

Trachea is apart of the respiratory system

A

true

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16
Q

What is not part of the respiratory system?

A

esophagus

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17
Q

The area between the two lungs is termed the

A

mediastinum

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18
Q

Where does the trachea lie in relation to the esophagus?

A

anterior/ front

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19
Q

Each primary bronchus divides. How many primary branches are in the right lung?

A

3

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20
Q

Each primary bronchus divides. How many primary branches are in the left lung?

A

2

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21
Q

The part of the lung that extends above the clavicle is termed the:

A

apex

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22
Q

What is the name of the double-walled serous membrane sac that encloses the lung?

A

pleura

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23
Q

Why is the upright left lateral position the most commonly used for lateral radiographs of the chest?

A

patients heart is closer to the IR

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24
Q

The presence of gas or air in the pleural cavity is termed

A

Pneumothorax

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25
Q

If the lateral decubitus position is used to demonstrate fluid in the pleural cavity on which side must the pt lie?

A

Affected

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26
Q

If the lateral decubitus position is used to demonstrate free air in the pleural cavity, which side must the pt lie on?

A

Unaffected side

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27
Q

Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged by diffusion within the

A

alveoli

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28
Q

The space between the two pleural walls is called the

A

Pleural Cavity

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29
Q

For AP projection for the pharynx and larynx the central ray should be Perpendicular to the

A

Laryngeal Prominence.

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30
Q

The roof of the posterior wall of the nasopharynx contains a mass of lymphoid tissue known as

A

pharyngeal tonsil.

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31
Q

The organ of voice is the

A

Larynx

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32
Q

Largest sesamoid bone in the body

A

Patella

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33
Q

What is the central ray angulation for the axial calcaneus?

A

40 degrees

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34
Q

If the ASIS tabletop measurement is greater than 24 cm the CR angulation is

A

3-5 degrees cephalad

35
Q

If the ASIS is between 19-24cm the CR is angulation is

A

0 degrees

36
Q

How much should the leg be flexed for a lateral projection of the knee?

A

20 to 30 degrees

37
Q

the CR angulation for a lateral projection of the knee is

A

5-7 degrees cephalad

38
Q

Which of the following will ensure that the knee is in proper position for a lateral projection 1.Epicondyles perp to the IR
2. Patella perp to the IR 3. Leg flexed 20-30 degrees?

A

1,2,and 3

39
Q

If the knee is flexed 40 degrees for the PA axial intercondylar fossa (camp Coventry method) how many degrees is the CR angled?

A

40

40
Q

Which of the following bones does not bear body weight?

A

fibula

41
Q

Which two projections clearly demonstrate the scaphoid?

A

PA Axial (Stecher Method) and Ulnar deviation

42
Q

For the lateral projection of the elbow, the humeral epicondyles are positioned

A

Perpendicular to the IR and superimposed on each other

43
Q

Which two should be demonstrated on the AP projection of the humerus?

A

Elbow and Shoulder Joint

44
Q

For PA oblique projections of the chest, the side of interest is generally the side:

A

farther from the IR

45
Q

Which of the following bones make up the Wrist?

A

8 carpal bones

46
Q

Which of the following passes thru the carpal canal/tunnel?

A

Median Nerve

47
Q

The capitulum of the humerus articulates with the

A

Radial head

48
Q

How many degrees is the hand rotated for a PA oblique projection of the digit?

A

45 degrees

49
Q

For a PA projection of the hand the CR is directed to enter the:

A

3rd MCP joint

50
Q

For the AP projection of the forearm the hand is

A

Supinated

51
Q

For the AP projection of the elbow, the humeral epicondyles are

A

Parallel to the IR

52
Q

How many degrees is the elbow flexed for the lateral projection of the elbow?

A

90

53
Q

Which of the following best describes the position of the thymus gland?

A

Behind the manubrium

54
Q

What is the most optimal position for the patient for examinations of the heart and lungs?

A

Upright

55
Q

How many ribs should be visible above the diaphragm on a PA chest?

A

10

56
Q

the thoracic cavity contains all of the following except:

A

larynx

57
Q

Area behind the mouth:

A

oropharynx

58
Q

Where is the center of the IR positioned for an AP abdominal image performed with the patient in the supine position?

A

illiac crest

59
Q

Where is the center of the IR positioned for an AP abdominal image performed with the patient in the upright position?

A

2 inches above the crest

60
Q

What is the expiration phase for abdominal?

A

expiration

61
Q

A 3 way or acute abdominal series would include:

A

flat, upright, and PA chest

62
Q

How many phalanges are in the foot?

A

14

63
Q

How many tarsal bones are in the foot?

A

7

64
Q

The largest and strongest bone in the body is the:

A

femur

65
Q

On which aspect of the foot does the cuboid lie?

A

lateral

66
Q

On the anterior surface of the tibia is a prominent process called the

A

tibial tuberosity

67
Q

Posteriorly, the femoral condyles are separated by a deep depression called the

A

intercondylar fossa

68
Q

The area of the proximal humerus located directly below the tubercles, which is the site of many fractures is called the

A

surgical neck

69
Q

What joint is formed by the articulation between the glenoid cavity and the head of the humerus?

A

Scapulohumeral

70
Q

For an AP projection of the shoulder, the CR should be directed

A

perp to the IR

71
Q

Which projection clearly demonstrates the glenoid cavity?

A

AP oblique (Grashey)

72
Q

The CR will enter where on the AP of the scapula

A

2 inch below the coracoid process.

73
Q

All of the joints of the shoulder girdle are:

A

synovial, freely movable

74
Q

How is the upper extremity positioned for an AP scapula?

A

Abducted 90 degrees, with elbow flexed

75
Q

The large, rounded, elevated process prominently located on the lateral surface of the proximal humerus is the

A

greater tubercle

76
Q

The following organs lie in the abdominal cavity

A

gallbladder
kidneys
stomach

77
Q

One of the primary reasons a left lateral decubitus abdominal image is performed is to demonstrate?

A

air fluid levels

78
Q

If a patient is unable to stand for an upright AP abdominal image, which position should be used?

A

Left lateral decubitus

79
Q

A properly exposed abdominal image will exhibit all of the following:

A

Psoas muscles, kidney borders

80
Q

What anatomic structure is shown in profile on a lateral projection of the humerus?

A

lesser tubercle

81
Q

What anatomic structure is shown in profile on an AP projection of the humerus?

A

greater tubercle

82
Q

Serves as a passage for both food and air?

A

pharynx

83
Q

The study of joints or articulations is known as

A

arthrology

84
Q

Bones provide:

A

Protection of internal organs Production of red and white blood cells

Rad. positioning (11 decks)

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