chapter 8 Pelvis and Hip Flashcards by Greer Tynes

The _____ serves as a base for the trunk and a girdle for the attachment of the lower limbs?

Pelvis

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The pelvis consists of what 4 bones?

2 hip bones
sacrum
coccyx

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the pelvic ______ is composed of only the 2 hip bones.

Girdle

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The hip bone is often referred to as the

os coxae or innominate bone

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The hip bone consists of the

Ilium
pubis
ischium

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The 3 bones in the hip join together to form the

acetabulum

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the ________ is the cup-shaped socket that receives the head of the femur.

Acetabulum

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The _____, ______, and _______ are separated by cartilage in children but become fused into one bone in adults.

Ilium
pubis
ischium

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The hip bone is divided further into 2 distinct areas called

illiopubic column
illioischial column

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the 2 columns in the hip are used to identify fractures around the _________.

Acetabulum

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The ilium consists of a _____ and a broad curved portion called the ____.

Body
Ala

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The anterior and posterior borders of the Ala present ___ prominent projections

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The 4 prominent projections on the Ala are

Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)
Anterior Inferior iliac spine
Posterior superior iliac spine
Posterior inferior iliac spine

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The superior margin extending from the ASIS to the posterior superior iliac spine is called the

iliac crest

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What does the pubis consists of?

a body
superior ramus
inferior ramus

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What does the ischium consist of?

a body
ischial ramus

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The rami of the pubis and ischium enclose the

Obturator Foramen

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The articulation between the acetabulum and the head of the femur is called

Hip joint

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The pubes of the hip bones articulate with each other at the anterior midline of the body, forming a joint called the

pubic symphysis

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The right and left ilia articulate with the sacrum posteriorly at the ________ joints

Sacroiliac (SI)

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The ________ pelvis is lighter in structure than the _________ pelvis.

Female
Male

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The female pelvis is shaped for _________ and _________.

Childbearing
Delivery

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The pelvis is divided into _____ portions.

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The boundary line that divided the pelvis is called

Brim of the Pelvis

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The region above the brim of the pelvis is called

false or greater pelvis

The region below the brim of the pelvis is called

true or lesser pelvis

The brim of the pelvis forms the _______ ________ or inlet, of the true pelvis

Superior Aperture

The region between the inlet and outlet is called

Pelvic cavity

For an AP projection of the pelvis and proximal femora, the feet and lower limbs should be _________ rotated approximately ____ to ____ degrees.

Medially 15 to 20 degrees

The heels should be places approximately ___ to ___ inches apart when doing an AP pelvis?

8-10

Which bones form the pelvis?

Two hip bones sacrum coccyx

which three names refer to the major bone that makes up the right and left half of the pelvis?

ilium pubis ischium

which two prominent structures found on the ilium are frequently used as radiographic positioning reference points?

Pubic symphysis ASIS

Which bone/portion of the hip bone consists of a body and two rami?

Pubis

what part of the hip bone forms the broad, curved portion called the ala?

Ilium

what bones of the hip bones form the Obturator Foramen?

Ischium and pubis

What structure of the hip bone is formed by the fusion of 3 bones?

Acetabulum

what structures form the posterior part of the pelvis?

Sacrum and coccyx

which gender has a pelvis with a larger and more rounded outlet?

Female

Which gender has a broader and shallower pelvis?

Female

Which 2 large processes are located at the proximal end of the femur?

Greater Trochanter Lesser Trochanter

name the 2 areas of the proximal femur that are common sites for fractures in elderly patients.

Femoral neck Intertrochanteric crest

what are the 3 major articulation of the pelvis?

pubic symphysis hip joint SI joint

what are 2 palpable bony points of localization for the hip joint?

ASIS Superior margin of the pubic symphysis

In the seated position, the weight of the body rests on 2 ischial _________.

Tuberosities

The highest point of the greater trochanter is in the same transverse plane as the midpoint of the

Hip Joint

what other name commonly refers to the AP Oblique projection, modified Cleaves method?

Bilateral frog leg

How should the CR be directed for the Lauenstein method of a lateral hip projection?

Perpendicularly

what are 2 common names used to denote the axiolateral projection (Daneluid- Miller method) of the hip?

Cross table lateral Surgical lateral

To demonstrate the pubic and ischial rami without foreshortening, the _______ method should be used.

Taylor (AP axial "outler")

The superioinferior axial "inlet" projection (Bridgmen method) requires the CR be directed ____ degrees.

40 caudad

What is the respiration phase for AP pelvis?

suspend

what size exposure field is used for AP pelvis?

10x12in

What is shown in profile if the lower limbs are in correct position for AP pelvis?

Greater Trochanters

for AP pelvis the CR is

perpendicular to femoral neck

Where is the IR centered for AP pelvis?

to the CR

IR positioning for the Danelius-Miller

IR vertical, upper border in the soft tissue crease above iliac crest, angle IR away from the body so its parallel with femoral neck,

what is the Leg rotation on the Danelius-Miller

medially rotate the foot and lower limb of affected leg 15-20 degrees

Where is the CR on the Judet method internal oblique?

perpendicular to IR and entering 2in. inferior to the ASIS of the affected side

The ilia articulates with the sacrum posteriorly at the

sacaroilliac joint

Where should the top of the IR be placed for an AP of the femur including the hip joint?

level of the ASIS

How many degrees is the lower limbs medially rotated for an AP of the femur?

10 - 15 degrees

On the posterior aspect of the distal femur, the femoral condyles are separated by a deep depression called

Intercondylar Fossa

How is the lower limb and foot for an AP hip?

medially rotated approx. 15-20 degrees

The CR for an AP hip is

Perpendicular to the femoral neck

For the AP hip, using the localizing technique, the CR is

approx. 2.5in. distal on a line drawn perpendicular to the midpoint of a line between the ASIS and the pubic symphysis

The collimation field for an AP hip is

10x12 in

What method is used for a bilateral hip fracture?

Clements-Nakayama modificaton (modified axiolateral projection)

what type of joint is the SI joint?

synovial irregular gliding slightly moveable

What type of joint is the hip joint?

Synovial ball and socket freely moveable