chapter 4 Flashcards
The abdominopelvic cavity consists of ____ parts
two
What are the 2 parts of the abdominopelvic cavity?
Abdominal cavity
Pelvic cavity
Which part of the abdominopelvic cavity is larger and superior?
Abdominal cavity
Which part of the abdominopelvic cavity is smaller and inferior?
Pelvic Cavity
The abdominal cavity extends from the ____ to the superior aspects of the bony pelvic.
Diaphragm
What is in the abdominal cavity?
Stomach
small intestines and large
liver
gallbladder
spleen
pancreas
kidneys
The pelvic cavity lies between the margins of the ____ _____.
bony pelvis
What does the pelvic cavity consist of?
rectum and sigmoid of the large intestines
urinary bladder
reproductive organs
The abdominopelvic cavity is enclosed in a double walled seromembranous sac called the _____.
peritoneum
the outer portion of the peritoneum sac is called
parietal peritoneum
the inner layer of the peritoneum is called
Visceral Peritoneum
which portion of the peritoneum is in close contact with the abdominal wall, great pelvic wall, and most of the undersurface of the diaphragm?
parietal peritoneum (outer)
The ____ part of the peritoneum is positioned over or around the contained organs.
Visceral peritoneum (inner)
What does the peritoneum form?
Folds
The folds formed by the peritoneum serve to support the ____ in position.
viscera
the folds formed by the peritoneum are the ____ and _____.
Mesentary and Umenta
The space between the two peritoneums is called _____.
peritoneal cavity
The _____ is the cavity behind the peritoneum and contains organs such as the ______ and _____.
Retroperitoneum
Kidneys and pancreas
the 4 quadrants of the abdomen are
RUQ
RLQ
LUQ
LLQ
The nine regions of the abdomen are
right and left hypochondrium
right and left lateral
right and left inguinal
epigastrium
umbilical
hypogastrium
for the plain abdomen, intestinal tract preparation is _____
not required
preliminary preparation of the intestinal tract can include
Controlled diet
laxative
enema
Non-Contrast examinations require a maximum _____ _____ differentiation (long scale contrast)
Soft tissue
kVp that is too high will ___ some structures.
over-penetrate
For an average adult, kVp should be _____
80
proper ___ of exposure factors is critical to show both solid organs and adjacent structures.
Balance
the SID for an abdominal X-ray should be
40in.
the average adult will require the ___x___ collimated field.
14x17 in.
exposures should be made at the end of ____ for an abdominal procedure.
expiration
KUB stands for
Kidneys
ureter
bladder
the Three way abdomen is also called
Acute abdominal series
What positions are performed in a Three way abdomen?
AP supine
AP upright
PA chest
What does the two-way abdomen series consist of?
AP supine
AP upright
If a patient is unable to do an AP upright, what position is used in its place?
Left Lateral Decubitus
For a supine position the IR is
Centered at the iliac crest
For an upright position the IR is
2in above the iliac crest
If a larger person or hypersthynic person is needing an AP supine, they may require ____ ____ projections.
2 crosswise
When performing an AP supine on a tall person, it may require seperate _____ image collimated to __x__.
bladder
10x12in.
When doing an AP supine, the CR should enter the patient on which plane?
Midsagittal (MSP)
When doing an AP upright, the IR is centered ________ and high enough to include the _____.
2 inches above the iliac crest
Diaphragm
When doing an AP upright the CR is _____, centered to the IR.
Horizontal
A PA upright reduces ___ dose and should be considered when ____ are not of primary interest.
Gonadal
Kidneys
For a PA upright of the abdomen, the IR should be centered
2 inches above the iliac crest.
For a PA upright, the CR is _____ to the IR and enters the patient on which plane?
perpendicular
Midsagittal (MSP)
When doing a Left lateral decubitus, the IR should be ______ to include the diaphragm
centered 2 in above the iliac crest
When doing a Left lateral decubitus, the CR is
Horizontal and perpendicular to center of IR
When doing a lateral abdomen, the IR should be Centered
to the iliac crest or 2 in above if diaphragm is included
A _______ position is used when a patient cannot stand for an upright abdomen and cannot lay on side for lateral decubitus.
Lateral Abdomen, Dorsal Decubitus
