Final: Ethics and values

Question 1

Morals

Answer 1

Individual judgement about behaviors based on specific beliefs

Question 2

Ethics

Answer 2

The study of and creation of rules of conduct and character
“What should I do”
–Codes of conduct
–Morals in action

Question 3

Autonomy

Answer 3

Include patients in decisions

Question 4

Beneficence

Answer 4

Positive actions to help others

Question 5

Nonmaleficence

Answer 5

Avoidance of harm or hurt

Question 6

Justice

Answer 6

Being fair

Question 7

Fidelity

Answer 7

Agreement to keep promises

Question 8

Bioethics

Answer 8

Branch of ethics within healthcare

Question 9

Professional nursing code of ethics

Answer 9

Set of guiding principles the all members of a profession accept
–Advocacy, responsibility, accountability, confidentiality

Question 10

Ethical dilemma

Answer 10

When two opposing courses of action can both be justified by ethical principles

Question 11

Moral distress

Answer 11

Instead of competing options for action, the nurse feels the need to take a specific action while believing that action is to be wrong

Question 12

Value

Answer 12

A deeply held belief about the worth of an idea, attitude, custom, or object that affects choices and behaviors

Question 13

Values clarification

Answer 13

Ethical dilemmas almost always occur in the presence of conflicting values
– To resolve ethical dilemmas, one needs to distinguish among values, facts, and opinion

Question 14

To resolve ethical dilemmas, one needs

Answer 14

to distinguish among values, facts, and opinion

— some people have such strong values that they consider to be facts not opinions

Question 15

MOral distress

Answer 15

Anguish experiences when a person feels unable to act according to closely held core values

Question 16

Ethics committees

Answer 16

Multidisciplinary and serve several purposes:

• Education
• Policy recommendation
• Case consultation

Question 17

Quality of life

Answer 17

Central to discussions about end of life care, cancer therapy, physician - assisted suicide and DNR

Question 18

Disabilities

Answer 18

Antidiscrimination laws enhance the economic security of people with physical, mental, or emotional challenges

Question 19

CARE AT THE END OF LIFE;

Answer 19

Interventions unlikely to produce benefits

Question 20

Genetic screening

Answer 20

Risks and benefits to individuals and society; learning about presence of disease that has not yet caused symptoms and for which no cure exists

Question 21

Access to care is, at its essence

Answer 21

An ethical issue of justice