Final: Complementary, alternative, and integrative therapies Flashcards
NIH
National Institute of Health
NCCIH
National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health
The NIH/ NCCIH identifies
Complementary and integrative approaches as an array of health care approaches with a history of use or origin outside mainstream or conventional medicine (normal)
What other terms are United states-centric
Eastern or western medicine
Complementary therapies
Therapies USED TOGETHER with conventional treatment recommended by a persons health care provider
Integrative therapies
approach to healthcare that includes practices not traditionally part of conventional medicine, such as herbs and supplements, meditation, wellness coaching, acupuncture, massage, movement, resiliency, and nutrition
Alternative therapies
Non-pharmacological therapies such as exercise, chiropractor, and herbal supplements are USED IN PLACE of conventional pharmacological or other medical procedures
Use of complementary, integrative, and alternative therapies:
- Address stress-induced illness
- Manage symptoms of chronic diseases
- Addressing emotional and spiritual needs of the client
- Improve quality of life
- Improve general well-being
Nursing Accessible Therapies
-Can learn about these techniques and integrate them into your independent nursing practice
-Use clinical judgement
-determine appropriateness and usefulness
Ex. Relaxation therapy, Meditation & breathing, Imagery
Clinical benefits of Relaxation Therapy
-Lower BP
-Decrease HR
-Decrease Muscle tension
-Improve well-being
-Reduce symptom distress
Limitations of relaxation therapy
-Reports of increases sensitivity in detecting muscle tension
-New symptoms may indicate progression of an existing condition or a new illness
-Asses before and during: physiological and psychological status
Meditation
-Any activity that limits stimulus input by focusing to a single unchanging stimulus
-Mindfulllness and aware of thoughts to clear mind
-Roots in Hinduism, Buddhism, and Taoism
Clinical application of meditation
-Lowers O2 consumptoin
-Reduces RR
-Reduced HR
-Improves feelings of well-being
-Reduces anxiety
Limitations of meditation
-Assess before and during
-Strong fear of losing control
-Some individuals may become hypertensive
Imagery
Uses the conscious mind to create mental images to stimulate physical changes in the body, improve perceived well-being, and/or enhance self-awareness
-mind-body connectivity
Clinical applications of imagery
-Control/relieve pain
-Reduce stress
-Improves sleep
-Can relieve symptoms associated with chronic conditions
Limitations to imagery
-Assess before and during
-Client with COPD or asthma may experience increased airway constriction
Training-specific therapies
-Complementary treatments that can only be administered by trained professionals
-All therapies carry some risk
-Need advanced knowledge to talk about the, and provide education on safe use
Biofeedback
-Mind-Body Technique
-Use instruments to teach control over physiological responses
-Uses a variety of breathing, relaxation, and imaging exercises to gain voluntary control over heart rate or blood pressure
Clinical application of biofeedback
-Reduce headache pain
-Shown benefit as adjunctive therapy for post-prostatectomy urinary incontinence
-Fecal incontinence
-Stroke Recovery
Limitations to Biofeedback
-Assess the client
-Use with precaution in clients with psychological or neurological conditions
-May need medication adjustments as a result of biofeedback
Acupuncture
-Originated in China 3000 years ago
-regulates or realigns the vital energy (qi), which flows through the body in channels that form a system of pathways called meridians
-Essentiall block energy from flowing to certain areas of body
Clinical applications of acupuncture
-Modifies pain response
-Modifies processing of pain in central neural pathways
-Low back pain
-Myofascial pain
-Chemo-induced nausea and vomiting
-Tension headaches
-Migraine prevention
-Post operative pain
Limitations to acupuncture
-Practitioner with appropriate training
-Sterilized needles
-Contraindicated in clients with bleeding disorders, skin infections, pregnant, seizures, blood-borne illnesses, and heart disease pts
Therapeutic Touch (TT)
-Affects energy fields with conscious intent to help or heal
-Redirect energy pattern
Clinical application of Therapeutic touch
-Pain
-Dementia
-Trauma
-Anxiety
Limitations of Therapeutic touch
-Assess your patient
-Inappropriate for clients with sensitivity to touch, past traumatic experiences, physcially abused, or psychiatric disorders
Chiropractic Therapy
-Aims to restore structural and functional imbalances
-Use manipulative body-based therapy to normalize the relationship between structure and function
Clinical applications of Chiropractic therapy
-Improves pain: back pain, osteoarthritis joint pain, cancer pain
-Can improve disability
-Asthma in children & adolescents
Limitations of Chiropractic therapy
-Contraindicated in those with: bone and joint infections, acute injury to spinal cord caused by compression, fractures, dislocations, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis
Natural products
a chemical compound or substance produced by a living organism
Herbal medicines (botanicals)
Dietary supplements, vitamins, minerals, mycotherapies (fungi-based products), essential oils (aromatherapy), and probiotics
-Not FDA regulated or approved for use as drugs
Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (1994)
Allowed companies to sale herbs as dietary supplements with caveat that they can’t make health claims on label
-Can’t say cures hypertenstion or treats anxiety
-Can say restores relaxation or sense or balance
Clinical applications of Herbal Therapies
-Depressive symptoms
-Anti-inflammatory effects
-Blood sugar changes
Limitations of Herbal Therapies
-Natural does not equal safe
-Can interact with prescribed medications
Integrative nursing role
-Work closely with pts to know their spiritual and cultural viewpoints
-determine which complementary therapy is appropriate and aligns with these beliefs and offer recommendation accordingly
-Be Knowledgeable
-Thoroughly understand benefits and risk
-Practice only within your scope of practice
