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Motor Dev. > Final ch. 10 > Flashcards

Final ch. 10 Flashcards

1
Q

where do reflexes occur

A

“Subcortically” below the level of the higher brain centers

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2
Q

at what ages does reflexive movements occur

A

last 4 months of prenatal life and the first 4 months after birth

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3
Q

lifespan reflexes

A

reflexes that endure past the first year and through out life

  • knee jerk reflexes
  • flexor-withdrawal reflex
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4
Q

Primitive Reflexes

A

infant reflexes; tonic neck reflexes.

used for -protection, nutrition, survival

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5
Q

Postural Reflexes

A
  • provide automatic movement that is “practice” for future voluntary movement.
  • these reflexes disappear when voluntary behavior surfaces
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6
Q

Infant reflexes include:

A
  • crawling
  • labyrinthine
  • palmar grasp
  • stepping
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7
Q

Future voluntary movement

A
  • Crawling
  • upright posture
  • grasping
  • walkling
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8
Q

Moro Reflex

A

May signify a cerebral birth injury if lacking asymmetrical

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9
Q

asymmetric tonic neck reflex

A

may indicate cerebral palsy or other neurological problem

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10
Q

Palmar Grasp (primitive reflex)

A
  • leads to voluntary reaching and grasping.
  • endures through the 4th month
  • most noticeable reflex
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11
Q

Sucking (primitive reflex)

A
  • stimulated by touching the lips

- occurs pre and postnatally

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12
Q

Search (primitive reflex)

A
  • baby turns head toward the food
  • helps the baby locate nourishment
  • contributes to head and body righting reflexes
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13
Q

Moro Reflex (Primitive reflex)

A
  • elicited by the same stimuli that induces the startle reflex
  • precedes the startle reflex and causes the arms and legs to extend immediately rather that flex
  • disappears at 4-6 months
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14
Q

Startle (Primitive Reflex)

A
  • Causes the arms and legs to flex immediately
  • elicited by a rapid change of head position or by striking the surface that supports the baby.
  • may not appear until 2-3 months after moro disappears
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15
Q

Asymmetric Tonic Neck Reflex (Primitive Reflex)

A
  • Causes flexion on one side and extension on the other
  • facilitates the development of body awareness
  • not always seen in newborn
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16
Q

Symmetric Tonic Neck Reflex (Primitive Reflex)

A

-Limbs respond symmetrically

17
Q

Plantar Grasp (Primitive Reflex)

A
  • The toes appear to be grasping(wrapping around ones finger)
  • stimulus is touching the ball of the foot
  • This reflex must disappear before a baby can walk
18
Q

Babinski Reflex (Primitive Reflex)

A

Elicited by a stimulus similar to plantar grasp, but response is different. (toes extend)

19
Q

Palmar Mandibular(Primitive Reflex)

A
  • stimulus is pressure to both palms
  • makes the eyes close, the mouth open, and the head tilt forward
  • AKA Babkin Reflex
20
Q

Palmar Mental (Primitive Reflex)

A
  • elicits a facial response when the base of palm is scratched
  • Lower jaw opens and closes
21
Q

Stepping (Postural Reflexes)

A

taking “steps”

22
Q

Crawling (Postural Reflexes)

A

“crawling”

-believed to be essential to the voluntary creeping movement

23
Q

Swimming (Postural Reflexes)

A

characterized by the baby’s swimming-like movements when held in a horizontal position

24
Q

Head-and-Body Righting (postural Reflex)

A
  • the head “Rights” itself with the body when the body is turned to one side
  • precursor to rolling movements
25
Q

Parachuting (Postural Reflex)

A
  • this reflex is a conscious attempt to break a potential fall
  • related to up-right posture
  • propping
26
Q

Labyrinthine (Postural Reflex)

A

Head tilts in the opposite direction of the body tilt (to stay vertical)

  • related to up-right posture
  • endues throughout most of 1st year
27
Q

Pull-Up (Postural Reflex)

A

when baby is tipped backward, an arm reflexes in an effort to maintain the upright position.

28
Q

common stereotypies

A
  • single and dbl leg kick
  • alternate leg kick
  • arm wave
  • arm wave with object
  • arm banging against a surface
  • ringer flexion

Motor Dev. (6 decks)

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