final cardic Flashcards
destroy
mitral regurg exam
apical pulse is …..
murmur is……
apical pulse is hyperdynamic
holosystolic murmur is loudest at the apex and radiates to the axilla
med management of MR
diuretics, dig, afterload reduction
mitral stenosis murmur
accentuated S1 with low mid diastolic murmur that does not radiate
most helpful test for diagnosis of mitral stenosis
eccho
mitral stenosis-med management
rate control, lasix, anticoag, limit activity salt and fluid restriction
mitral valve prolapse murmur
mid systolic click, late sys murmur
MPV tx
avoide caffine, dig, lasic, anticoag if necessary
MVP leads to
MR
aortic stenosis murmur and where to hear
harsh, creshendo -decreshendo murmur at base that radiats to carotid with thrill (2nd R ICS)
gold standard for AS DX
cardiac cath
med management of AS
avoid vasodialators yes diuretics
aortic regurg exam
watter hammer pulse, diastolic thrill along LSB, yes murmur heard best alond RSB sitting up and leaning forward
as dx
ekg, eccho, CXR, Cardic cath pre op
AR acute tx
diuretics, vasodialators, prep for or, avoid bb
AR chronic tx
diuretics, abx if infective, vasodilators
AVR indications
symptomatic, LVEF <50%, diastolic dysfunction and large LV
cardiogenic shock auscultation
weak apical pulse, soft S1 and S3 gallop
cardiogenic shock gold standard eval
eccho
pulm htn
Mean PAP >25 at rest
pulm artery htn def
PWP <15
normal LVEF
absent left valve disease
pulm htn DX
eccho with bubble stress test- gold standard for dx is RHC
4 principle factors for acute pericarditis
1: cp releived with sitting up and forward
2: fricition rub best heard sitting up and forward
3. st elevation in most leads
4 effusion on eccho
pericarditis tx
bedrest, asa, steroids for 2 weeks then taper indomethacin, colcacine,
endocarditis eval and management
eccho, blood cultures, esr
perfect storm for PAD
plaques with calcium deposit thinning of media patchy destruction of muscle and fibers fragmentation of internal elastic lamina throbi composed of platelets and fibrin
pad most common sx
intermittant claudication
thoracic aneurysm dx
cxr- wide medistienum
eccho or tee
ct with contrast
aneurism treatment
bb and pain control
ab anurysm dx
ab us then CT with contrast or mri
