final cardic

Question 1

mitral regurg exam
apical pulse is …..
murmur is……

Answer 1

apical pulse is hyperdynamic

holosystolic murmur is loudest at the apex and radiates to the axilla

Question 2

med management of MR

Answer 2

diuretics, dig, afterload reduction

Question 3

mitral stenosis murmur

Answer 3

accentuated S1 with low mid diastolic murmur that does not radiate

Question 4

most helpful test for diagnosis of mitral stenosis

Answer 4

eccho

Question 5

mitral stenosis-med management

Answer 5

rate control, lasix, anticoag, limit activity salt and fluid restriction

Question 6

mitral valve prolapse murmur

Answer 6

mid systolic click, late sys murmur

Question 7

MPV tx

Answer 7

avoide caffine, dig, lasic, anticoag if necessary

Question 8

MVP leads to

Answer 8

MR

Question 9

aortic stenosis murmur and where to hear

Answer 9

harsh, creshendo -decreshendo murmur at base that radiats to carotid with thrill (2nd R ICS)

Question 10

gold standard for AS DX

Answer 10

cardiac cath

Question 11

med management of AS

Answer 11

avoid vasodialators yes diuretics

Question 12

aortic regurg exam

Answer 12

watter hammer pulse, diastolic thrill along LSB, yes murmur heard best alond RSB sitting up and leaning forward

Question 13

as dx

Answer 13

ekg, eccho, CXR, Cardic cath pre op

Question 14

AR acute tx

Answer 14

diuretics, vasodialators, prep for or, avoid bb

Question 15

AR chronic tx

Answer 15

diuretics, abx if infective, vasodilators

Question 16

AVR indications

Answer 16

symptomatic, LVEF <50%, diastolic dysfunction and large LV

Question 17

cardiogenic shock auscultation

Answer 17

weak apical pulse, soft S1 and S3 gallop

Question 18

cardiogenic shock gold standard eval

Answer 18

eccho

Question 19

pulm htn

Answer 19

Mean PAP >25 at rest

Question 20

pulm artery htn def

Answer 20

PWP <15
normal LVEF
absent left valve disease

Question 21

pulm htn DX

Answer 21

eccho with bubble stress test- gold standard for dx is RHC

Question 22

4 principle factors for acute pericarditis

Answer 22

1: cp releived with sitting up and forward
2: fricition rub best heard sitting up and forward
3. st elevation in most leads
4 effusion on eccho

Question 23

pericarditis tx

Answer 23

bedrest, asa, steroids for 2 weeks then taper indomethacin, colcacine,

Question 24

endocarditis eval and management

Answer 24

eccho, blood cultures, esr

Question 25

perfect storm for PAD

Answer 25

plaques with calcium deposit
thinning of media
patchy destruction of muscle and fibers
fragmentation of internal elastic lamina
throbi composed of platelets and fibrin

Question 26

pad most common sx

Answer 26

intermittant claudication

Question 27

thoracic aneurysm dx

Answer 27

cxr- wide medistienum
eccho or tee
ct with contrast

Question 28

aneurism treatment

Answer 28

bb and pain control

Question 29

ab anurysm dx

Answer 29

ab us then CT with contrast or mri