cardiac

Question 1

valves on the ———– side of the heart are more commonly affected due to exposure to higher pressures

Answer 1

left side of the heart

Question 2

stenosis is

Answer 2

narrow opening permitting less blood flow forward

Question 3

insufficiency is

Answer 3

improper closing of valve causing re-gurge

Question 4

grade 1 murmur

Answer 4

very faint

Question 5

grade 2 murmur

Answer 5

soft but easily heard

Question 6

grade three murmur

Answer 6

moderately loud

Question 7

grade 4 murmur

Answer 7

loud and possibly a thrill

Question 8

grade 5 murmur

Answer 8

very loud, heard with stethoscope barely on chest, + thrill

Question 9

grade 6 murmur

Answer 9

may be heard with stethoscope off chest, + thrill

Question 10

mitral regurg:

occurs during..

Answer 10

occurs during ventricular systole as blood is ejected forward.

Question 11

mitral regurg

results in

Answer 11

Left atrium volume and pressure increase resulting in increased pulmonary vascular pressure and R sided heart failure

Question 12

mitral regurg effect on LV

Answer 12

LV hypertrophy and end diastolic volume increase, CO decreases.

Question 13

causes of mitral regurg

Answer 13

Rheumatic fever, infective endocarditis, MVP, ruptured cordae tendinae (causing flash pulmonary edema) hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, SLE

Question 14

mitral regurg exam

Answer 14

hyperdynamic apical pulse, holosystolic murmur loudest at apex, radiating to axilla

Question 15

mitral regurg treatment

Answer 15

diuretics, dig, afterload reduction, - MV repair or replacement

Question 16

mitral stenosis

Answer 16

increased L atrial pressure to push open mitral valve, ultimately causes increased pulm pressures and R sided heart failure- occurs over years.

Question 17

most common cause of mitral stenosis

Answer 17

rheumatic fever

Question 18

less common causes of mitral stenosis,

Answer 18

tumor, rheum disorders, congenital

Question 19

mitral stenosis complains of

Answer 19

palpitations, hemoptysis, horseness, dysphaguia, orthopnea, cough fatigue.

Question 20

mitral stenosis occurs mostly in

Answer 20

females

Question 21

malar flush

Answer 21

red face from mitral stenosis