Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Other > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

Compression neuropathies

A

Ok

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Biomechanical causes compression neuropathy

A

Space occupying-herniated disc, cyst

Degenerative causes-foraminal stenosis

Post traumatic-fracture, hematoma, compression from equipment

Mechanical-muscle spasm, pinching from external or positional forces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Systemic causes

A

Pregnancy, hypothyroid, diabetes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Epineureum

A

Fascicles, blood vessels, CT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Perineureum

A

Contain axons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Pathological changes

A

Microvascuar compression->ischemia

Thickened epineurium

Myeli thinning

Microtubules closure

Axonal degeneration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Neuropraxia nerve injuries

A

Focal damage of myelin fibers around axon

Least severe, days o weeks improve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Axonotmesis

A

Some disruption/injury to the axon itself

Myelin sheath remains intact

Regeneration is possible but months without a fill recovery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Neurotmesis

A

Disruption of axon and endometrium

Recover with axonal regeneration, surgery, may be no improvement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Know your dermatomes!

A

Want to know where the lesion is

Where will lesion be on MRI why am i ordering MRI-i think there is pinching that we will want to do something about

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Person has this deficit

A

It’s this nerve root

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Herpes in dermatome pattern

A

Herpes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Pain in 1 derm

A

Nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Pain down buttand leg

A

Not dermatomal -nothing down side of leg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cervical nerve compression: bulging disc

A

Evenly bulging out gain weight lose height

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Cervical comrpession: herniated disc

A

Protrusion-only a few cartilage rings are torn , no leakage of central material

Extrusion-cartilagerings have in a small area, nucleus purposes is able to flow out of the disc space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Most commonly the cervical disc ruptures __-___ causing compression of the nerve root as it exits the intervertebral foramen

A

Posterior laterally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What does cervical nerve root compression cause

A

Radiculopathy-pain caused y compression of the spinal nerve that radiates int he distribution of the defined nerve root

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Spurring test

A

Extend and rotate the neck toward symptomatic side and look forexacerbation of radicularpain

CERVICAL RADICULOPATHY indicative of

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Adson test

A

Elicited by having the patient elevate the chin and rotate the head toward the affected side while inspiring deeply; look for obliteration of radial pulse on affected side

Thoracic outlet syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Hoffman test

A

Elicited by firmly grasping the middle finger and quickly snapping or flipping the dorsal surface, look for a quick flexion of both the thumb and index finger

Cervical myelopathy (cervical stenosis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Purpling

A

High SPECIFICITY hold. Head down

Cervical compression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Comrpession test

A

Just push down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Cervical spine c2 what nerve root looking at

A

C3 bc go above vertebral body nerve root

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Lumbar

A

Below

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

General treatment cervical comrpession

A

Anti inflammatory, Modification of activity, splinting, injections , PT OMM for 3-6 months OMM cant unpinch nerve

Surgical release is considered when non operative management fails

Cubical tunnel syndrome -operative decompression is probably ustified in all but the mildest cases to prevent nerve damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Upper extremity compression

A

Radial, median, ulnar, musculocutaneous, axillary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Radial nerve entrapment : motor and sensation

A

Triceps brachii, anconeus, wrist extensors

Sensation to majority of dorsum of hand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Where entrap radial nerve

A

High on humerus

Radial tunnel

At wrist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

High humerus radial

A

Wrist drop, weakness of elbow flexion (brachioradialis), tricep

4-5 months return

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Radial tunnel radial nerve entrapment

A

From repetitive oratory movements like rowing, discus,racquet sports, heavy Manila labor

Pain and tenderness lateral epicondyle

Wrist drop or pain with resisted supination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

At wrist

A

Superficial branch pinched between brachioradialis and ECRL during forearm pronation changes over posterolateral band

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Why do distal neuro exam

A

Start distal and work proximal the figure out where it starts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

46 yo pain numbness hand health no injury. What ask

A

Hobbies? Sports? New baby? Other symptoms?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Superficial radial nerve compression

A

Cheiralgia, paresthesia aka waternbergs

Numbness , tinging, burning, pain in SRN distribution, caused by compression, edema, surgical injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Treat superficial radial nerve

A 
Rest
Avoidance of aggravating behaviors 
Stretching 
NSAIDS
Counter-strain/muscle energy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Median nerve entrapment places

A

Ligament of struthers
Pronator syndrome
Anterior osseous syndrome
Caravan tunnel syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Function median nerve

A

Forearm flexion and pronation
Wrist flexion and radial deviation
Thumb abduction and opposition
Index and middle finger abduction and flexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Pronator syndrome

A

Occurs as the median nerve passse between the superficial and deep heads of pronating motions: pianists, fiddlers, baseball players, dentist, weight trainers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Symptoms pronator

A

Achy pain in the mid/proximal forearm, aggravating by repeated lifting
-may have sensory abnormality in the radial three and a half digits

-pain with resisted forearm pronation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Anterior interosseous syndrome

A

Deep motor branch of median n just distal to pronator teres which innervates flexors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Etiology anterior interosseous syndrome

A

Trauma, cast pressure, bulky tendinous origin of ulnar head of pronator teres, soft tissue masses, fibrous bands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Symptoms anterior interosseous

A

Ok sign, no sensory problems, weak flexion of index finger DIP and thumbs IP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Treat anterior interosseous

A

Elbow splinted in 90 flexion for 12 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Gold standard diagnose carpal tunnel

A

EMG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Most common compression syndrome

A

Carpal tunnel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Treat carpal tunnel

A

NSAIDs, mfr, st, lymphatics, steroids injections if nothing working, wrist splitting in 30 extension , surgical release

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Ulnar nerve where entrap

A

Cubical tunnel

Guy on canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Ulnar nerve function

A

Innervates skin

Deep branch in hand->motor innervation for interosseous msucles and adductor pollicis

Superficial branchin hand-> sensory innervation to ring an pinky finger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Cubical tunnel syndrome

A

Medial elbow

Baseball pitches or elbow flexion , external compression against. Hard surface, thickened cubical tunnel retinaculum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Sx ulnar nerve entrap

A

Paresthesia tinea sign at elbow elbow flex and wrist ext

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

Froment sign

A

Ulnar nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

Thoracic outlet syndrome

A

Brachial plexus compressed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

Test for TOS

A

East/roos, adson, wrights hyperabduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

L1,l2

A

Hip flexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

Meralgia paresthetica

A

Lateral femoral cutaneous

Compression under inguinal ligament canal

-athletics, obesity, belt,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

Symptoms lat femoral cutaneous

A

Numbness or burning pain on anterolateral thigh

Hyperesthesia dont wnt to put things in pocket

Asis tinel+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

Common fibular nerve compression

A

L4-2s,

Leg hooked under rail, squatting, ankle sprain, lithotomy position during birth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

Symptoms common fibular nerve compression

A

Pain along proximal third of lateral leg

Foot drop with a slapping gait
Exacerbated during plantarflexion and inversion of the foot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

Treat fibular n compression

A

Posterior fibular head HVLA or ME

ME on gastroc/soleus biceps femoris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

Anterior tarsal tunnel syndrome

A

Deep fibular nerds L4-s2

Deep fibular nerve comrpession at the inferior extensor retinuaculum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

Symptoms anterior tarsal tunnel

A

Pain over dorsomedial aspect of foot and worse at rest

Weakness of extensor digitorum breves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

Etiology anterior tarsal tunnel

A

Trauma, talonavicular dyssfctunion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

Treat anterior tarsal

A

Remove compressive forces

Myofascial release or extensor retinaculum

Traction tug of talonavicular joint

Hiss whip for navicular , cuneiforms, 1st and 2nd metatarsal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

Symptoms lateral femoral cutaneous

A

Numbness or burning pain on anterolateral thigh, hypersthesia to the point of not putting anything in pockets, tropic skin changes later on

Tinel 1cm medial and inferior to ASIS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

Tarsal tunnel

A

Compression of posterior tibial nerve in tarsal tunnel behind the medial malleolus with flexor retinaculum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

Nerve function tarsal tunnel

A

Pain on plantar side of foot tingling burning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

Treat tarsal tunel

A

MFR, HVLA , NSAIDS< US< PT, acupuncture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

Hoffman+

A

Central nervous system problem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

Ok sign

A

Median nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

Spinal disc disease: initial herniation

A

Painful, disc slowly shrivels away in few days-weeks most resolve without treatment within 2-6 weeks

9)% back to normal regardless of treatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

Spinal disc disease 10%

A

Have gotten chronic back pain, spasm, stiffness,

Weak back ligaments-radiating pain down legs, predisposes to further injury, change in biomechanics, accelerated osteoarthritis and stress on other joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

Treat spinal disc disease

A

Stretching, anti inflammatories/pain meds, muscle relaxers, PT, BLT therapy, prolotherapy to strengthen ligaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

Pt presents to FM clinic with 2 month HZ of low back and right sharp, burning hip pain that radiates down their leg. No recent injuries or MVA they can remember. Denied numbness or weakness, incontinence, no other inciting factors known/revealed

Point to pain-point right SI joint and drawl a line right lower SI joint straight down back of leg to posterior kneee

A

Low back pain with sciatica -nerve root in tact so not radiculopathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

Radiculopathy

A

Compression nerve root

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

Myelopathy

A

Compression spinal cord so bilateral symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
77
Q

Neuropathy

A

Result of damage to peripheral nerves, often causes weakness numbness and pain, usually in hands and feet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
78
Q

Sciatica

A

Pain emerging from the low back felt along distribution of sciatic nerve

Symptom not a cause

Not sciatic nerve comrpession!!!!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
79
Q

Cause sciatica

A

Usually sacroiliac ligament weakness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
80
Q

Nerves innervation SI capsule refer pain to spinal cord segment and ay radiate, but not in ___ patter

A

Dermatomal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
81
Q

Treat sciatica

A

Strengthen ligaments was-DONT USE STEROIDS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
82
Q

Sciatica clincial

A

Pain with walking but long periods of sitting also

Pain when getin up from seated position, espicially if they have been sitting with their legs crossed

They tend to use the armrests or their thighs to push themselves up to the standing position from being seated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
83
Q

Tight muscles sciatica

A

Hamstring, adductor Magnus

84
Q

Psoas syndrome

A

Ok

85
Q

25 yo RLQ pain. What want to know/ nausea pain with movement, pressure on RLQ, relieved fetal position, radiates to low back, constant, standing hurts .

A

PSOAS syndrome

86
Q

Origin insertion function psoas major

A

O-T12-L4 and L1-L5 TP
Insert-lesser trochanter, bursa over the lesser trochanter
Fnunction-FLEXOR

87
Q

Psoas minor

A

Origin T12-L1

Insert-iliac fascia

88
Q

Iliacus

A

Origin-superior 2/3 iliac crest, asis and LS ligaments
Insert-lesser trochanter, psoas major tendon

Function-flexes thigh

89
Q

Iliopsoas

A

Psoas minor and iliacus muscle

90
Q

Piriformis

A

Origin sacrum
Insertion-greater trochanter
Functions: major hip ER

91
Q

Function psoas

A

Walking, flexion of femur, pelvis, lumbar spine

Maintains pelvis in erect posture

Medially rotates hip when laterally rotated

Laterally rotated hip when medially rotated

92
Q

Psoas ___ rotates hip when laterally rotated

A

Medially

93
Q

Causes / etiologies psoas syndrome

A

Flexion stress of lumbar spine

Sit ups

Deadlifts/squats
Quick elongation of psoas
Arthritis of the hip

Viscerosomatic reflexes (lower GI GU)

Urethral calculi/appendicitis (more viscerosomatic)

94
Q

Viscosomatics appendix

A

T10-11

95
Q

Rectum bladder uterus viscerosomatic

A

T12-l2

96
Q

If no improve with OMT and recurrent psoas issues

A

Colon cancer, diverticulitis, femoral bursitis, hip arthritis, prostatis, salpingitis, urethral calculi, herniated disc

97
Q

Presentation psoas syndrome

A

Walk flexed forward and to one sire (difficulty sitting or standing upright(

Difficulty lying prone

Walking S

Pain in thoracolumbal, SI, lumbosacral, gluteal , pain stop at knee on contralateral side, pain at belt line

98
Q

What happens posture hip flexors tight

A

Flattened lordosis and forward flexed posture

Backward bending sacral base

Abdomen protrude

Tight hamstrings-counteract hip flexion, cervical lordosis

99
Q

Thomas test

A

See space between posterior thigh and table

Psoas

When pull both knees to chest and then drop one
If cant flex may be tight quad

100
Q

Osteopathic psoas

A

Hip flexion.extensoin ROM
Screen for innominate somatic dysfunction
Screen for sacral somatic dysfunction
Screen for lumbar somatic dysfunction tender pts-iliacus, low ilium, al1-5, c/l piriformis

101
Q

Key dysfunctions

A

Tight psoas (identified through ROM testing)

L1 flexed rotated and sidebent to the side of the tight psoas

102
Q

Five staged psoas: phase 1

A
  1. Both sides tight, flexed and flat lordosis, L1 flexed

Increased or flattened lordosis

Can’t stand straight, positive Thomas, pain hip extension, pain at belt line wraps around

103
Q

Treat stage 1

A

CS, indirect ME

Passive stretch rolled towel
NSAIDs andor muscle relaxants

104
Q

What not do stage 1

A

Direct stretching or direct ME ina cute setting

Will irritate

Don’t use eat (unique to this dysfunction)

105
Q

Cs stage 1

A

Low ilium, iliacus, rolled passive towel stretch(towel belower lower back)

Coldpack

106
Q

Stage 2

A

Unilateral spasm
Bent forward and to a direction (say right)

Key lesion-L2 F RR SR
Psoas spasm, r hip external rotation dysfunction

Sidebent toward and rotate away l2-4 RlSr

L5 Extended

Pain at right belt line +lateral flexion test

107
Q

Treat stage 2

A

L2, L2-L5, psoas stretch, muscle relaxants and nsaids

108
Q

Stage 3

A

Postural compensation

Axis on side of SD
L pelvic side shift -shifts away from side of SD, causes SB towards SD right

Pain at lumbosacral junction at side of sacral axis

Treat-treat torsion, ME, HVLA<

If chronic, possible R posterior innominate SD->posterior rotation shortening right leg

109
Q

If chronic stage 2

A

R posterior innominate SD-> R short leg syndrome

110
Q

Stage 4

A

L piriformis spasm (opposite side from psoas SD)
L piriformis TP

Pain. At L pelvic side shift ->eft gluteal, SI, hip bc of the piriformis

Exam-L LE external rotation 
Treatment-treat piriformis: CS
Spray and stretch
Trigger point injection
*do what did before but add piriformis
111
Q

Stage 5

A

Add sciatica

L sciatic nerve irritation can follow quickly after S2

Pain L gluteal, SI, hip, radiates down L leg to knee no neurological effects no emg issue
Straight leg +

Left leg paresthesia(stop at knee)
No neural deficits, msucle atrophy
EMG -, - nerve conduction study
+ straight leg raise>30

Treat with adding a low dose steroid

112
Q

Treat stage 5

A

Low dose steroid

113
Q

Visceral cause

A

Pathology go then start doing OMT

114
Q

Chronic structural issue

A

More OMT

115
Q

Stretching psoas

A

Psoas, piriformis (happy baby pose)

116
Q

Do for psoas

A

Passive stretch with rolled towel 3 times a day

Supine leg lifts
Push ups
Swimming
Report any change in condition

117
Q

Do not psoas

A

Sleep ones tomach, use heat to treat, slump/slouch when sitting bend forward, lean toward painful sidebending, perform sit ups, lean backward when standing

118
Q

Narcotic

A

Stage 5 but off quick to muscle relaxer and nsaid

119
Q

Treat pharm psoas

A

NSAIDs, muscle relaxant, steroids, pain management for spinal injections useful

120
Q

Rep/fluid psoas

A

Fluid, release diaphragm fascia (thoracolumbar and pelvic) will help move lymph

121
Q

Energy immune psoas

A

Manage pain spasm and visceral causes

122
Q

Psychological psoas

A

Posture

123
Q

Do not over treat psoas

A

Presentat high stage-no HVLA-do CA, MFR< MS,

If recurrent dont delay look for viscerosomatic and work up for particular organ

124
Q

Short leg syndrome

A

Ok

125
Q

What s short leg syndrome

A

Leg short causes signs and symptoms

Something causes short leg and results effect body and msk

126
Q

Functional causes leg short

A

Bony-lumbar group curve, innominate rotation, sacral base unleveling

Soft tissue abnormalities-hypertonic flexors/extensors/adductors

127
Q

When the patient is supine the lumbar group curve tends to pull the hemipelvis on the side of concavity of the curve ___ causing a short leg

A

Cephalad

128
Q

Structural causes short leg

A

Trauma

THA-total hip arthroplasty
TKA
Pes planus
Knock knees
AO
Salter Harris fracture, leg calve perches, slipped capital femoral epiphysis
129
Q

Leg calve Perth’s

A

Often self limiting idiopathic avascular necrosis of femoral head bone withers away and dies

Younger boys progressive PAINLESS limp

130
Q

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis

A

Ice cream falling off a cone
Associated obesity

Teen
PSINFUL limp decreased internal rotated

Need surgery

131
Q

Presents LLD

A

Pain-back hip, knee, foot, shoulder TMJ

Foot drop
Abnormal gait
Just feels off
Many, many more

132
Q

Evaluate short leg

A

Spine, palpatory landmarks, standing and seated, gait analysis

Weight bearing postural x rays
-femoral head height discrepancy, sacral base unleveling, anatomic leg length measurements

133
Q

Gai

A

Forward propulsion and movement

Approx 2 inches vertical and horizontal deviation throughout normal cycle

Abnormal-> decreased efficiency, increased deviation, wasted movement, increase energy/effort to move

134
Q

Innominate leg short leg

A

Anterior rotation

135
Q

Iliac crest height short leg

A

Low

136
Q

Sacrum shor leg

A

Deep (anterior) sulcus

137
Q

Lumbar short leg

A

Convexity (SB away)

138
Q

Thoracic (late) short leg

A

Concavity

139
Q

Shoulder short leg

A

Early-high

Late low

140
Q

Foot short leg

A

Supinate

141
Q

Ankle, calcaneus, forefoot short leg

A

Plantarflexed, inverted, addicted

142
Q

Femur short leg

A

External rotation

143
Q

Knee short leg

A

Extended

144
Q

Pelvic shift short leg

A

Away

145
Q

;5-S1 ambulatory compensation

A

Stance leg engages oblique sacral axis
-wt shift results in lumbar towards

As swing leg moves forward, sacral base moved anteriorly as well around stance leg axis

  • torsion-rotation around oblique axis
  • forward torsion=physiologic; backward=non physiologic

L spine rotates opposite
-think as your r arm swings forward, you rotate left

146
Q

Treat LLD

A

OMT -resolve leg discrepancy

Home stretching/therapy
Follow up

147
Q

Treat structural LLD

A

Same as functional, plus heel lift

But only when femoral head is >5mm
Max 1/2 heel lift, then progress to whole foot

Final lift height should be1/2-3/4 of measured sicrepancy, unless recent sudden cause apparent

148
Q

Heilig lift formula

A

Total lift needle=sacral base unleveling/duration+compensation

Duration<10 yrs =1, 10-20=2, >30=3
Compensation non=0, L spine rotation/SB=1, wedging of vertebra=2

149
Q

Acute changes

A

Full amount recommended

150
Q

Physical therapists

A

Movement and promote development, ameliorate activity limitations

Collaborate

Advocate for patients

151
Q

Acupuncture

A

Points in body that are pathways for qi to flow and traditional principles

Recruiting neuroanatomical activities in segmental distributions

152
Q

Acupuncture theory

A

Neurochemical response to the placement of a needle into body

Body thinks injured so inflammation and releases mediators of healing when removed

153
Q

5 elements

A

Boimechanical wood, fire behavior, water resp/circ, earth metabolic, metal neurologic

154
Q

Why refer to acupuncture

A

Need more frequent treatments

Know physical problem and lab findings are negative and omt is not lasting

155
Q

What know when refer to acupuncture

A

Frequency, acupuncturist training, insurance: not usually covered

156
Q

Chiropractor

A

MSK and nervous system
Back pain, neck pain, pain in the joints of the arms or legs, and headaches

Examine, diagnosis, treatment, recommend therapeutic and rehabilitative exercises as well as to provide nutritional, dietary and lifestyle counseling

-clincial exam, lab test, diagnostic imaging

157
Q

Boundaries of chiropractor

A

State reactive acts and regulated by state licensing boards. Have a 4 year doctoral graduate school program under US department of education.
Need CE credits

158
Q

Why refer to DC

A

Lost skills of feels unskilled in OMT

Feels that the patient needs more frequent treatments.

Specializes in another area of practice

159
Q

Things consider when refer to a DC

A

Frequency, HVLA, insurance-many accept but maybe a few per year

160
Q

Occupational therapist

A

ADL an dwork assessment and treatment

Site evaluation
Performance
Equipment

Social support

Habilitation and rehab services under ACA manage chronic disease and improve function

161
Q

Massage therapy

A

Strokes, lubricants, clothing, position, duration

162
Q

Why refer to a massage therapist

A

Feel need more frequent treatment, feels muscle hypertonicity is so severe that whole body massage on a more frequent basis is needed

For lymphedema for consider a MT or PT who specialize in lymphatic massage with wrapping

163
Q

Rolfing

A

Often consider a deep tissue approach, Rolfing bodywork actually works with all the layers of the body to ease strain patterns in the entire

A series of ten sessions
-ten-series is like a tune up for your body. The ten series is a systematic approach to aligning your structure; each session builds upon the last a prepares the body for the next

164
Q

Rolfing certification

A

Basic-731 hours 3 phases and high school diploma

Advanced -3 year of practice adn 18 intermediate courses completed within a 7 year period

165
Q

Yoga

A

Physical, mental, and spiritual practice or disciplines which originated in ancient India

Most likely developed around 6th and 5th centuries

Mixed and inconclusive results

166
Q

Why send to yoga

A

Patient needs more frequent approach

Understands that the patient is either too tight, weak or both. And that a trial of yoga may be beneficial

167
Q

Yoga prescription

A

Frequency and duration, key is to start conservative and increase as tolerated

168
Q

Feldenkrais

A

Gentle movement and directed attention to help ppl learn new and more effective ways of living with their bodies

Based on physics, biomechanics, and an empirical understanding of learning and human development,

169
Q

Why send to feldenkrais

A

Feels that the patient problems are based upon too much focus on their own pain

Observe that the patient has significantly ingrained maladaptive patterns of movement and posture

170
Q

Prescription feldenkrais

A

Frequency/duration: daily practice depending upon the patient

Patient may attend weekly classes or individual sessions with a practitioner

171
Q

Common aging MSK complaint

A

OA

172
Q

PE MSK old

A

Evaluate gait, assess posture, ROM for upper and lower extremities, evaluate feet for ulcers/nail care
OSE of muscles and joints for somatic evaluation

173
Q

Neck pain

A

Discs are thicker anteriorly oposteriorly

Greatest pressure : extension of c spine

After age 50 the nucleus purposes becomes fibrocartilaginous and has characteristics similar to the annulus fibrosis

174
Q

OA

A

Slow onset -join pain, stiffness, limitation of motion

Rapid increase>50 years of age

175
Q

Common complaints OA

A

Night pain, interference with sleep

Tenderness over joint line-ROM reduction, bony swelling, joint deformity, instability, x ray narrowed joint spaces

176
Q

Medical treatment OA treatment

A

Pain relief

Prevention

177
Q

OA OMT research

A

After treatment those subjects who had received OMT demonstrated continued improvement in their ROM in the placebo group decreased

178
Q

Conclusion OA

A

Participants in manual therapy group had significant and clinically important sustained improvements in symptoms at 1 year. Those in the exercise therapy group also had sustained benefit with respect to physical performance tests. No added benefit was found in group who underwent both therapies

179
Q

Oa omt

A

Had resolution of the effusion within a couple days post treatment

180
Q

Neurological complaints

A

Parkinson disease

181
Q

PE reflexes parkinson

A

Ankle reflex may be absent in older adults!

182
Q

Parkinson

A

Over 40 yers of age

Older

183
Q

PE parkinson

A

Tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity, postural instability, gait

184
Q

PD OMM

A

Those treated with OMT had significant increases in stride length, cadence, and the maximum velocities of upper and lower extremities

185
Q

PD research

A

PD more susceptible to SD in head/cranial and cervical regions

186
Q

Pulmonary

A

Increased perception of shortness of breath->anxiety

187
Q

Cardiovascular aging

A

Calcification, sclerosis

Decreased hemodynamically response to inotropic agents->fatigue , decreased endurance, depression

188
Q

HTN risk

A

Heart attack, stroke, chronic HF, kidney diseases

189
Q

OMM heart

A

Decreased hemoconcentration, increased fibrinolytic activity, decreased fibrinogen

190
Q

Heart failure study

A

High correlation of changes at T4 in patients with significant cardiac disease in the men and women

191
Q

Pneumonia OMM

A

Well tolerated even in old and frail

Immobility=death

Getting out of bed shorten hospital stay

OMT in the acute care setting has potential to reverse the effects of mobility

Bed boudn patient who cant get out of bed can have body parts and fluids mobilize using lymphatic pump and other osteopathic

192
Q

Conclusion omt pneumonia

A

Seniors with pneumonia who are very old or very ill more likely to survive if get omt, while younger seniors recover faster and leave hospital sooner

Die less

193
Q

Infection old ppl

A

Immune senescence

194
Q

PE infection

A

Absent or atypical

Altered febrile response in some frail

For healthy community dwelling older adults

195
Q

Omm lymphatic old

A

Significantly reduces the number of hospitalization and decreased medication use

196
Q

Short ten effect of lymphatic pump

A

Decrease in platelet counts

197
Q

Constipation

A

Alarm symptoms-hematochezia+FOBT, weight loss, FHx colon ca or IBS

198
Q

Os finding constipation

A

T10-l2

Anteriolateral thigh along it band

TP of l2-L4 extending laterally to iliac crests

199
Q

OMT colonic inertia

A

Less invasive less costly treatment option for patients with colonic inertia

200
Q

Chronic constipation omt

A

Improve across all 3 domains-symtpoms, discomfit and stuff

201
Q

Fall risk old ppl

A

Leading cause of death

So test balance and ambulation
-sitting to stand, walk,

202
Q

Non manipulative intervention fall

A

VD, PT and exercise

203
Q

OMT fall

A

Decrease in sets taken, improved step/stride length, increase velocity

Sway was significantly reduced in omt

204
Q

Depression

A

Higheres old white men

205
Q

Treat depression

A

Sri snri
Ect
OMT

206
Q

OMT depression

A

All reverted to normal by week 8

207
Q

What omt depression

A

Cranial, treat SD, balance ans

Other (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions