Final Flashcards
what an essential nutrient is
Something the body needs that it can’t make. They must be provided in food
what a non-essential nutrient is
A component of a food that aids in the support of life. They are chemical elements or compounds.
the six classes of nutrients
Water, Carbohydrates, Lipids, Protein, Vitamins, Minerals
the five major nutrients
Carbohydrates Lipids (fats and oils) Protein Vitamins Minerals
nutritional requirements of dogs
Minimum 22% protein required in diet of adult dogs
Linoleic fatty acid required in diet of dogs
nutritional requirements of cats
Minimum 32% protein required in diet of adult cats
Taurine amino acid required in diet of cats
Vitamin A required in diet of cats
Linoleic and arachidonic fatty acids required in diets of cats
nutritional requirements of livestock
Forages-Roughages needed for maintenance
Concentrates
Supplements (used to balance out TMR)
Ruminants/Horses-Hay/Grass
the importance of physical examination in diagnosis
It determines the overall healthiness of your animal, and makes sure there is no hidden health issues present
common first aid measures used in animals
checking pulse, proper handling, controlling bleeding, and assessing pain/fractures
types and reasons for using bandages
Applies pressure Support Protection Medication Contamination irritants
different routes to administer medications
Intravenous, subcutaneous, topical, oral, intramuscular
the role that rehabilitation can play in helping an animal recover from an injury
Becomes more mobile after orthopedic injury
Safely use limb after injury or surgery
Manage acute and chronic pain
Increase the fitness of athletic and working animals
why fecal samples are important to diagnostics
to detect the presence of the cysts/eggs/larvae of various parasites
why blood tests are important to diagnostics
diagnosis and monitoring of disease and infection
why urinalysis are important to diagnostics
reports the physical and chemical properties of urine, helps determine if there is bacteria or anything there. It is used mainly to assess the health of the kidneys and urinary system, but it can also reveal problems in other organ systems,
what bacteriologic test are
Water analysis test to estimate the numbers of bacteria present
safety precautions for radiology and their importance
Wear a lead gown, lead thyroid collar, lead gloves
endemic diseases
Endemic-Currently present in US, not increasing in prevalence
Rabies
emerging diseases
Emerging- new disease that’s increasing in prevalence or a new form of of old endemic disease, increasing in prevalence
zoonotic diseases
Zoonotic- can spread from animal to human. Endemic- in US, but not increasing in prevalence
foreign animal diseases
Foreign- not in the US, but brought by, travelers, meat products, garbage, or bioterrorists
recommend appropriate diets for dogs at various life stages
Puppies (weaned at 6-7 weeks)
(3-4 weeks to 3 months) Gruel of dry food or canned food for 15-20 minutes, 4 times a day
(3-8 months) Dry or canned food for 15 min, 3 times a day
(8 months to maturity) Quantity indicated on package for 2 times a day
change according to dog
Adult
Maintain body condition, Maintain high protein and high energy
Work, pregnancy, and lactation increase energy requirement up to 3 times
Periodically weigh dog
Senior
Low calories, protein, salt
Special diets for kidney and heart failure
recommend appropriate diets for cats at various life stages
Feed kittens, adult cats, older cats similar to dogs
nutritional requirements of ferrets
Dog or cat food, mink food , ferret food
control external bleeding
Put pressure directly on an outer wound with a sterile bandage or cloth or hand (if nothing else is available)
Maintain pressure until bleeding stops
appropriately support broken bones:
Isolate body substances
Expose wound and assess patient
Manually stabilize fracture
radiographic examination position
Lateral recumbency: on its side
gerbil nutritional needs
Gerbil- Pelleted rodent diet, supplement of mixed grains and seeds
guinea pig nutritional needs
Guinea Pig- Pelleted guinea pig diet, supplement fresh cabbage, hay, kale, fruit. VITAMIN C
hamster nutritional needs
Hamster- Commercial rodent diet, supplement of seeds, vegetable, fruit, hay, chopped meat, mealworms, live insects
rabbits nutritional needs
Rabbits- Commercial rabbit food, supplement of hay
Ingestion of fecal pellets (B vitamins)
Nutrients in Cecum that they need but can’t digest because it is after the small intestine so they re digest their feces to get the nutrients
