Final Flashcards
Name three things an earthworm uses for movement.
longitudinal muscles, circular muscles and setae
What is a perch’s lateral line?
Pores that help sense movement of friends and predators
What does a perch’s operculum do?
“little lid”, covers the gills and helps with breathing
What do a perch’s gill rakers do?
The gil rakers strain out food organisms and offer protection from food entering the pharynx.
What does a perch’s swim bladder do?
Helps fish sink or float
What is the crop? and what is its general function?
Large thin-walled structure that is part of the earthworm. Used for food storage
What are three things an earthworm uses to reproduce?
Seminal vesicles, seminal receptacles, and ovaries
What are some structures that starfish have in common with humans?
Mouth, anus, intestine
What is the general function of the tube feet on a starfish?
Locomotion and aid in feeding
What is the general function of the eyespot on a starfish?
Light detection
What is the general function of the madreporite in a starfish?
Equalize pressure
What is the general function of the eyespot on a starfish?
Light detection
What is the general function of the pyloric caecum in a starfish?
Digestion
The majority of mutualist relationships we observe today are in _______.
plants
What is lichen made of?
algae and cyanobacteria
In symbiotic relationships, if the relationship is essential for survival, what is it called?
Obligate
Give three examples of mutualism.
Termites + Protist
Ants + Acadia Tree
Lichen + Algae + Cyanobacteria
In _________, the host often provides a home or transportation to the smaller organism.
Commensalism
Give two examples of commensalism in nature.
Remora fish and sharks
Barnacles and whales
Most parasites we observe today are _______.
worms
True or false: Not all parasites kill the host, but many cause harm to their hosts by causing diseases.
True
Pork that is infected with a worm called ___________ can cause muscle aches and pains, even death.
trichinella
Name two things common to plants ONLY
chloroplasts and vacuoles
What is a lichen made of?
Fungus and either an algae or a cyanobacterium growing nearby
List two things that ants do for acacias
- Protectection from insects
2. Kills branches that block the usn
What are the three main bacterial cell shapes?
Rod (bacillus)
Spherical (cocci)
Helical (spirillum)
What are the 7 ways to describe Morphology of bacterial colonies?
- Size (punctiform, S M L)
- Elevation (flat, raised)
- Texture (smooth, rough)
- Pigment (non-pig, pigmented)
- Appearance (shiny, dull)
- Shape (round, filamentous, irregular)
- Margins (smooth, curled, wavy, lobate, fillamentous)
Do gram-positive or gram-negative have thicker cell walls of peptidoglycan?
Gram positive - Purple have thicker walls
What are leaf stomata and what is their function?
Pores for gases to go through, function is to take in CO2 and release O2
Are seeds fruits?
No, seeds themselves are not fruits but seeds produce fruits
What is the function of a starfish’s tube feet?
Movement
Name four things that a perch has in common with a human.
Respiratory system
Spinal cord
Stomach
Ears
If you were looking at a prepared slide under the microscope of an earthworm cross-section posterior to the clitellum, would it be possible to see the gizzard?
No, the gizzard is before the clitellum
What is the function of a perch’s fin rays?
They support the thin membrane of each fin
Where is the starfish’s madreporite located?
On the aboral surface, near the anus
Name three things that starfish have in common with humans.
Epidermis
Intestine
Anus
What is the function of a earthworm’s crop?
To remove excess calcium from the blood, acts as a food “buffer”
True or false: the purpose of heat fixing is to kill the bacteria
True
What is the segment looking thing in an earthworm?
Clitellum
Are an earthworm’s circular or longitudinal muscles on the very outside of the worm?
Circular, longitudinal are below the circular
What is the difference between a monocot and a dicot?
A monocot has 1 cotyledon, dicot has 2 cotyledons
What is something a gram stain tells you about the bacteria you are studying?
if it is gram positive or gram negative
What is a major difference between bacteria and eukaryotes.
Bacteria are prokaryotic and single-celled
What is a primary consumer?
An organism that eats plants
IE: crickets, mice, etc
What is a predator?
An organism that eats consumers.
IE: hawks, owls, snakes, etc.
Where is pollen located?
In the anther, to create easy access for pollination
What is the purpose of the cotyledon to a plant?
Provides and stores nutrients within a seed for a plant
Describe the four characteristics of a plant grown in the dark opposed to the light
Taller, yellow or paler, stems pushed above soil, and more protected by elements and predators.
What are some examples of edible tap roots?
Carrots, turnips, radish, ginger
What is the general function of the fin rays on a perch?
Swimming
