Final #2 Flashcards

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1
Q

In which phase of interphase is DNA duplicated?

A

S phase

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2
Q

By the end of prophase in mitosis, each of the following has occurred except

A

lining up of chromosomes in the middle of the cell

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3
Q

Unlike plant cells, animal cells contain

A

Centrioles

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4
Q

The longest phase of the cell cycle is

A

Interphase

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5
Q

A chromatid is attached to the spindle fiber by the

A

Centromere

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6
Q

Long, unorganized strands of DNA found in the nucleus during interphase are called

A

Chromatin

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7
Q

The process by which the cytoplasm divides separating the one cell into twos called

A

Cytokinesis

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8
Q

Crossing over occurs at which stage of meiosis?

A

Prophase I

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9
Q

An event that DOES NOT contribute to genetic variation

A

Mitosis

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10
Q

Events that DO contribute to genetic variation

A

Independent assortment
Crossing over
Random fertilization

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11
Q

Duing which phase of meiosis homologous pairs of chromosomes line up next to one another along
the equator?

A

Metaphase 1

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12
Q

Which of these amns desertbes two similar chromosomes that are inherited from each parent?

A

Homologous chromosomes

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13
Q

What occurs during the process of nondisjunction through meiosis in humans that can lead to a child with the condition of Down Syndrome?

A

Production of gametes with 1 duplicate chromosome

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14
Q

A phrase best describes the process of meiosis

A

Produces haploid gametes for genetic variation

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15
Q

Proteins are produced based on instructions from your_____which come from your____

A

Genes, DNA

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16
Q

A scientist is using a karyotype to investigate an organism. What would not be able to be identified from this karyotype?

A

Height

17
Q

Diploid cells would have____of each chromosome, while a haploid cell would have_______of each chromosome.

A

Two, one

18
Q

Organisms end up with so many different possible combinations of genes through genetic recombination. Genetic recombination happens during_____when parts of the homologous chromosomes are exchanged.

A

Crossing over

19
Q

In which phase of meiosis, do cells become haploid?

A

Telophase I

20
Q

During anaphase I, and anaphase II, similar events are happening. The main distinction in anaphase is that are pulling apart. If you were to summarize anaphase, what would you say?

A

Sister chromatids

21
Q

Independent assortment can best described as a process that

A

Randomly lines up with chromosomes in metaphase

22
Q

Independent assortment can best described as a process that

A

Randomly lines up chromosomes in Metaphase

23
Q

Random fertilization allows for genetic variation because

A

There are so many combinations from eggs and sperm cells in the formation of a zygote

24
Q

What is one of the main differences between meiosis and mitosis?

A

Mitosis produces somatic cells while meiosis produces gametes

25
Q

__________ does not occur in mitosis

A

Sexual reproduction

26
Q

If cyclin is present and there is a mutation in the DNA replication during S phase, what will happen to
the cell?

A

The cell will performs Apoptosis

27
Q

The main difference between cytokinesis n plant and animal cells

A

Animal cells form a cleavage furrow and separate completely, plant cells form a cell plate

28
Q

An error in telophase I can result in?

A

Sister chromatids never reaching the poles