Final Flashcards
A single subject design is listed as:
A-B-A-C-A-D-A, it is best described as which of the following?
Repeated measure, three intervention
A researcher takes his/her population and selects subjects according to a random numbers table. This type of sampling is termed which of the following?
Simple random sampling
Surveys and questionnaires collect which of the following types of data?
Subjective
Alternate forms of a measure can provide a protection against which threat to validity?
Practice effects
When subjects are chosen for a sample on the basis of availability which of the following sampling techniques is being used?
Convenience sampling
A DPT student has selected a condition to analyze for her terminal project. She will use the completed medical records of five patients with the condition as the basis for the analysis. This type of research is best termed which of the following?
Case series
The errors of measurement due to chance is represented Best by which of the following terms?
Random error
Which of the following is an appropriate research question?
Can physical therapists function effectively as case managers for patients with osteoporosis following a fracture as measured by time to additional fracture?
A group of researchers is proposing a study to look at factors associated with professionalism and physical therapist. They have proposed to study the class of 2015 over the next 20 years. The study design is best term which of the following?
Longitudinal
Which of the following statements best describes the purpose of theory?
A set of interrelated concepts, definitions, or propositions that specifies relationships among variables and represents a systematic be a specific phenomena
Identifying exclusion criteria prior to selecting subjects for research study is a method to control for which of the following?
Confounding factors
A determination of good reliability would be made when the reliability coefficient is below what level?
0.75-1.00
In a randomized control trial examining a weight-loss intervention, some of the participants in the intervention group began asking some of the participants in the no intervention control group if they would be an exercise buddy. This presents a threat to which type of the validity?
History
Which of the following threats to internal validity would be a situation whereby an elderly subject drops out of an aerobic exercise study when she developed angina while exercising?
Attrition
A researcher is unable to use random assignment and must designate one clinic as an experimental setting and another as a control setting. Which of the following is a best approach to enhance internal validity of the study?
Match participants in the two settings on important client characteristics
The TUG has which of the following types of validity as related to the risk of falls?
Predictive validity
Procedures used to protect internal validity often conflict with the external validity and vice versa. Recognizing this conflict, the process of examining that efficacy of an intervention from both an internal and external validity perspective usually follows which process?
An emphasis on internal validity protections first and then consider external validity threats
“Measurement” is defined as…
The numeral or category assigned to an object, event, or person according to pre-set rules
Another term for homogeneity in data is which of the following terms?
Internal consistency
Which research design documents conditions, attitudes, or characteristics of individuals or groups?
Qualitative research design
The physical therapist has instructed the patient with balance issues due to poor hip strategies to use a walker and a step to gate keeping the walker in front of the body for ambulation. The patient, however, on the second visit is using a step to gate pattern walking up to the walker. The PT explained to the patient that the therapist way is best and that is why the patient is paying for their expertise. The knowledge is used by the PT to help the patient understand would be which of the following?
Authority
Survey and questionnaire items may be posted to subjects in all of the following ways except which method?
Direct observation
Nonprobability samples are created through all of the following sampling processes except which one?
Random selection
Research involving human subjects requires that each subject the appropriately informed and consents to participation in the research study. Which of the following is non-element of informed consent required by federal law when conducting research involving human subjects?
Disclosing the research hypothesis is for the study
A type of interview in which the interviewer has a fixed agenda is termed which of the following:
Structured
When multiple interventions are being administered in a sequential order with each subject getting a different order of interventions, the researcher has designed protections for threats of which of the following effects?
Order effects
Which of the following is ultimately responsible and accountable for the protection of human subjects in a research study?
Primary investigator