Final Flashcards
Principals of root canal filling
- combination of sealer + cement + central core material
- core = piston on the flowable sealer
Fill voids and attach to the instrumented dentin wall - sealer for the tissues of the root canal and pulp stump
Properties of an ideal root filling material
- easily introduced
- seal laterally and apically
- not shrink
- impervious
- bacteriostatic
- radiopaque
- not stain tooth
- no irritate
- sterile
- easily removed
Cuando se introdujo la gutta percha
Mid 19th century
Material de la guttapercha
Plasticity + physical durability = possible to move into the recesses of the root canal system
Absence of a sealing cement
Frequently associated with clinical and radiographic signs of apical periodontitis
Since the 1910’s, therefore, developments in endodontic materials have been mainly on the ____ and properties of the ___ ____ ____ of the root filling
on the chemistry
And
propiedades del sellador como una parte técnica y biológicamente importante del relleno de la raíz
Basic composition of endodontic filling materials derived from __
Dried juices from trees of the family sapotaceae
Gutta percha
2 phases::
∂ phase
ß - phase
∂ phase
Appears in nature
More fluid and softens at a lower temperature
ß - phase
Occurs during refining
(Endodontic)
Final form of the gutta percha
20% of gutta percha
80% of zinc oxide
Dye for color
Metal salts for rx contrast
Sealers are responsible for
The principal function of the final root filling
Sealers principal functions:
- Sealing off of the root canal
- Entombment of remaining bacteria
- Filling of irregularities in the prepared canal
Material that have dominated the past 70-80 years
Zinc - oxide - Eugenol materials
Sealer that have some antibacterial activity of their own, but will also exhibit some toxicity when placed directly on vital tissues
Zinc - oxide- eugenol based sealer
Sealer that may bond effectively to dentin via the primer
Monoblock root filling
Resin based sealer
Has a chemical integration of the sealer with the core
Resin based sealer
What has given the rise to the concept of a homogeneous “monoblack” root filling with little or no voids
The chemical integration of the resin - based sealer
3 basic sealers
- zinc-oxide-eugenol based
- resin-based
- calcium hydroxide based
Why does the materials with calcium hydroxide succeed also as sealer cement formulations:
Because of their pulp protecting and capping agent
And also its used as an interappointment dressing prompted
Obturation techniques
Lateral compaction (warm and cold)
Vertical Compaction (continuous and interrupted wave)
Carried based
Single Cone
Cold lateral compaction
It’s still seen as the gold standard obturation technique
- easy to carry out
- allows for good apical control
- cost effective
COLD LATERAL COMPACTION
Step 1 & 2
- Use a spreader that can penetrate to working length without binding or being too loose
- Choose a standardized ISO taper (0.02) master GP point that fits snugly at working length with “tug back”. This may not correspond to the master apical file size
COLD LATERAL COMPACTION
Step 3 & 4
- Dry the canal with paper points
- Coat the tip the master cone with sealer and place into the canal coating the inside of the canal wall with sealer. Ensure the master GP point goes to working length
COLD LATERAL COMPACTION
Step 5 & 6
- Ease the finger spreader down to 1 mm from the WL
- Remove the finger (or hand) spreader with a twist and place an accessory point precisely from where the spreader was removed and ensure it penetrates to 1 mm from the WL.
Important: use accessory cones that match your manufacturer´s spreader size
COLD LATERAL COMPACTION
Step 7 & 8
- the second accessory point may not go entirely to 1 mm from the WL as the apical part of the canal is beginning to be filled.
However, it is important to assess how far your spreader penetrates into the canal and ensure that each proceeding accessory cone reaches this same length - After placing two to three accessory points take a mid-fill rx. This is carried out in place of a master GP cone rx. The mid fill rx will assess whether that master point has moved during placement of accessory points, if it has, the GP can be taken out and the apical fill repeated
What happened if me move the master point
Remove master GP
And repeat apical fill
Once the obturation is complete
What is next
COLD LATERAL COMPACTION
Sear the cones off at orifice level and vertically compact with a plugger
WARM LATERAL COMPACTION
- Energized spreading is a modification of cold lateral compaction and follows the same protocol as listed before
- a peizoelectric ultrasonic is required, as well as a file adaptor and a K type of file
- ultrasonic set to a higher power setting and is activated only when the file comes into contact with the GP
VERTICAL COMPACTION
(CONTINUOUS AND INTERRUPTED WAVE)
Originally introduced by Schiller in 1967,
modified versions of warm vertical compaction have come to be known as the continuous wave compaction technique and the interrupted wave compaction technique
In what consist the CARRIED BASED techniques?
Consist of a carrier coated in GP
Why is not recommended to use only a SINGLE GP point and sealer technique ?
It does not provide a good three dimensional barrier form the coronal to apical aspect of the root
