FInal Flashcards
What does PYD stand for?
Positive Youth Develpment
What are the 3 P’s?
- Performance (motor skills)
- Participation
- Personal Develpment
Examples of relaxed leisure activities
Hanging out with friends
Watching TV
Playing Video Games
Examples of contructive leisure activities
Sport
Music
Art
What is initiative?
The ability to be motivated from within and direct effort and attention to a challenging goal over time
Three elements that promote initiative in activities
- Intrinsically motivating
- Concerted effort towards a goal
- Occur over an extended period of time (regular involvement)
NRCIM
National Research Council and Institute of Medicine
Ontario Parks and Recreation High Five Program
- Caring Adult
- Oppurtunities to Play
- Oppurtinities to make friends
- Mastery of skills
- Participation
What are the 4 types external assets?
- Support
- Empowerment
- Boundaries
- Expectations
What are the 4 types of internal assets?
- Learning
- Positive Values
- Social Competancies
- Positive Identity
Vierimaa and collegues (2012) 4 C’s of PYD
- Competance
- Character
- Connection
- Confidence
What is the PAF?
Personal Assets Framework
- Elements that can be combined to deliver quality sport programs
What is deliberate play?
- Activities desgined for enjoyment
- Flexible rules
- Set up by children or active adult
- Children are less concerned with the outcome
What is deliberate practice?
- Requires effort
- No immediate rewards
- Motivated by the goal of improving performance and not enjoyment
3 criteria of Early Specialization
- Participation on organized sports of practice for more than 8 months of the year
- Participation in one sport at the exlusion of others
- Participants are younger than 12
Results of Early Specialization - Physical
- Dropout
- Overuse injury
- Injury
- Failure to develop transferrable skills
Results of Early Specialization - Psychological
- Decreased enjoyment
- Disapointment
- Discouragement
- Burnout
Results of Early Specialization - Personal Development
- Missed social opportunities
When is early specialization considered neccessary?
When elite performance is required before pubery (ie. gymnastics)
What is the difference between professional, intrapersonal and interpersonal knowledge?
Professional - teaching sport specific skills
Intrapersonal - openess to continued learning and self reflection
Interpersonal - connection with others
How do peers negatively influence athletes?
- Peers become a source of stress and anxiety during adolesence
- Dependant on peers feedback
- Negative feedback can change the dynamics
- Poor performances are emphasized
Decompetition definition
Athletes seek to display their dominance over their opponents
- view competition as war
4 types of psychological needs for young athletes
- Emotional Support - comforting gestures during times of stress and anxiety
- Informational Support - advice and guidance in problematic situations
- Tangible Support - providing neccessary resources for kids to cope with events (time and money)
- Companionship - casual relationship or support network (deliberate play, spending time travelling to training
Golden Rules of Flow
- Elite athletes wont have it in lower competitions
- Amatures wont have it in elite competitions
- Need to strike a balance between your skills and the challenge in front
- Flow keeps changing because you get better or worse at what you are doing over time
Percieved Exertion
- Subjective intensity of effort, discomfort and/or fatigue experienced during exercise
Anticipation
- Related to seeking out advanced cues and reacting quickly to these
How do advanced players use advanced cues effectively compared to novice players?
- Average players study different cues than advanced players
- Average players differ from advanced players in the speed they process the information
