Fibres and Fabrics Exam Questions Flashcards
Name 5 different fancy yarns and describe what they are.
- Slub - single or folded yarns having or thick places regularly or irregularly.
- Knop - folded yarns containing short, often coloured bunches of fibres or yarn at regular or irregular intervals.
- Bouclé - specialised folding process which result in looped yarns.
- Chenille - cut pile yarn soft and voluminous.
- Jaspé - two or more yarns made from different colours.
- Mixture - yarn made by mixing fibres of different colours during spinning.
Describe two fabrics which have been made by different knitted methods.
- Net - honey comb effect which is an open work fabric, good abrasion resistance. 2. Jersey - two sides have different appearance, low strength and curls at edges.
Describe two different fabrics which have been made by different woven fabrics.
- Denim - this is done by twill weave. this is hardwearing, complex so more expensive, have a right and wrong side. 2. Calico - plain weave, this is the simplest weave therefore cheap, its good for printing can be made decorative by using dyed yarns.
Describe two different fabrics which have been made by different non-woven fabrics.
- Felt - this can be made from either natural or synthetic fibres. e.g. wool or acrylic. This isn’t usually very strong however are very insulating. 2. Fleece - this is bonded which is made by webs of fibres and head or adhesive.
Explain how new technology has changed the manufacturing methods of either knitted, woven or non-woven fabrics.
Knitted - new machines being able to make open work fabrics which as lace and net. Machines can also speed up the process and make it much quicker rather than hand doing it.
How can different cross-sectional shapes of fibres affect the fabrics made from them?
The fibre shape has a impact on the properties and appearance. Examples are: - cotton, flattened beat like structure, theres a lumen which can expand which makes it absorbent. the smooth surface also prevents air being trapped between fibres which makes it a poor insulator. - linen, this has many sides which makes it reflect light, this gives it the property of being lustrous. - silk, this is a triangular shape which gives it the softness and lustre.
Name and describe two different methods of producing textured yarns.
False twist texturing - the yarn is heated and given a high level of false twist is inserted. its the cooled and untwisted. The yarn is set in permanent place after the heating. Air-jet texturing - the yarn is fed through s turbulent air stream the air it causes entangled loops. it results in a very bulky yarn with crimps and loops.
Name and describe two different novelty yarns.
Chenille - cup pile yarn which is soft and voluminous. It is made by cutting special fabric into strips. Used in finishing fabrics and knitwear. Jaspé - made by folding two or more differently coloured yarns or yarns made from different fibres with different dying behaviour. It gives a mottled appearance. Knop - folded yarns containing short, often coloured bunches of fibres or yarn at regular or irregular intervals. Bouclé - specialised folding process which result in looped yarns. results in a grainy handle and textured surface.
Explain the difference between blended and mixture fabrics.
Blended fabrics is when the yarns are made from a variety of different fibres to make the yarn. These yarns then make the fabric. e.g. wool fibres and cotton fibres mixed together to make one yarn. Mixture fabric is when there is more than one type of yarns mades the fabric, e.g. a wool yarn then a cotton yarn.
Giving specific examples, explain why different fibres are blended or mixed in fabric construction.
Reasons for fibre blending, it improves quality, appearance and production cost. add to me
Name and describe two recently developed branded fibre products. Explain what each of these branded fibre products are used for when constructed into fabrics.
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Name a specific fabric that is typically used for three of the following products. Do not name the same fabric more than once. classic shirt tailored suit performance wear Describe in detail the physical appearance and construction for each of the fabrics you have named in the previous part.
Classic shirt - cotton Tailored suit - wool Performance Wear - nylon micro fibres
Name a appropriate finish for the following products listed below, give a reason for your answer. classic shirt tailored suit performance wear
Classic Shirt - plain weave which is brushed because its cotton, it makes the fabric softer and warmer to wear. Brushing is a mechanical process which wire brush is rubbed against the fabric to raise fine fibres. Tailored Suit - anti felting. As some suits are made out of wool, they may need anti felting finish to make sure the suit isn’t ruined easily. Performance wear - water resistance. Performance wear is usually used for skiing and swim wear so water resistance would come in handy.
Name three different fabrics or textile products that incorporate inorganic fibres. describe how each of these inorganic fibres are manufactured into fabrics and/or textile products.
glass - reflective strips on high viz coats. Tiny glass beads are stuck to the fabric. metal - lamé (sparkley material) created by making very thin yarns which are weaved into the fabric. ceramic - used in swim wear as its water repellent. Nano ceramic particles are put into a solution which the fabric is put into, the solution is heated and an electric current is passed through. The particles coat and empreganate the fabric.
With reference to examples, state the advantages of using inorganic fibres for textile products.
They have benefits other fabrics dont have for example: - ceramic - water repellent, resistant to chemicals and blocks UV rays. - metals - reflect heat glass - reflects light without scattering.
