Fetal and Neonatal Immunity Flashcards
What are consequences of fetal infection?
death, malformation, persistently infected tolerance, and successful immune response
What are factors that influence the outcome of fetal infection?
virulence and type of organism, dose of organism, and age of the fetus
Through what do humans and primates receive IgG from their mother?
100% through the placenta
What is the transfer of IgG through the placenta mediated by?
Fc receptor
Through what do dogs and cats receive IgG from their mother?
10% from the placenta and 90% from the colostrum
Through what do larger domestic animas (horse, ruminant, pig) receive IgG from their mother?
100% from the colostrum
How can colostral antibodies be absorbed through special gut epithelial cells of the newborn?
nonselective pinocytosis of macromolecules and/or special Fc receptors on the specialized gut epithelial cells of the newborn
What are features of the neonates GI tract that prevent damage?
the GI tract as low proteolytic activity and free secretory component to prevent from breakdown
What are features of the colostrum that prevent damage to the antibody?
they contain trypsin inhibitors and have free secretory component
When does ‘gut closure’ occur?
within 24 hours of birth
What is ‘gut closure’?
when the specialized neonatal gut epithelial cells are replaced by normal epithelium and the macromolecules from colostrum are no longer taken up
What antibody is in colostrum?
IgG
What is the source of antibody from colostrum?
mothers blood (serum) to the mammary gland
Is the concentration of IgG high or low in colostrum?
high
What antibody is in milk in non-ruminants?
IgA
