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Growing + Multiplying > Fertilisation and Puberty > Flashcards

Fertilisation and Puberty Flashcards

1
Q

External fertilisation is more dangerous for the offspring. What generally happens to counteract this?

A

More offspring are made. And vice versa for internal fertilisation.

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2
Q

What is the function of the ovary?

A
  1. Makes and matures ova cells
  2. Makes female sex hormones (oestrogen and progestogen)
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3
Q

What is the function of the fallopian tube/oviduct?

A

Takes the ova from the ovary to the uterus for fertilisation. Uses cilia to push the ova along.

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4
Q

What is the function of the funnel of the oviduct?

A

Captures the egg and delivers it to the fallopian tubes.

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5
Q

What is the function of the uterus?

A

Muscular organ where the foetus develops.

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6
Q

What is the function of the cervix?

A

It holds the foetus in the uterus. It dilates (thins out and opens up) during childbirth.

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7
Q

What is the function of the testes?

A

Produce sperm and the male sex hormone testosterone.

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8
Q

What is the function of the scrotum?

A

Pouch of skin to hold the testes away from the body.

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9
Q

What is the function of the epididymis?

A

A long tube that stores sperm.

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10
Q

What is the function of the penis?

A

Delivery system for the sperm

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11
Q

What is the function of the erectile tissue?

A

Contracts to be able to deliver sperm

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12
Q

What is the function of the seminal vesicle?

A

Makes semen.

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13
Q

What is the function of the prostate gland?

A

Produces a fluid that is part of semen.

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14
Q

What is the function of the vas deferens?

A

Transports the sperm

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15
Q

What is the function of the urethra?

A

Passes urine from the bladder and semen outside of the body

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16
Q

What is puberty?

A

When an adolescent’s body develops into an adult’s body and secondary sex characteristics develop

17
Q

What are the main puberty hormones for girls and boys?

A

Girls = oestrogen
Boys = testosterone

18
Q

What are the 4 stages of the menstrual cycle?

A
  1. Menstrual phase
  2. Follicular phase
  3. Ovulation
  4. Luteal phase
19
Q

What are the 4 main hormones of the menstrual cycle and what do they do?

A
  1. Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) – causes a follicle to mature.
  2. Oestrogen – makes the lining of the uterus grow thicker.
  3. Luteinising Hormone (LH) – makes the egg burst out of the follicle – this is ovulation.
  4. Progesterone – maintains the lining of the uterus, when its levels drop, the lining is shed.
20
Q

Which two of the 4 hormones of the menstrual cycle are made in the ovaries?

A

Oestrogen and progesterone

Growing + Multiplying (6 decks)

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