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MED 206- ANATOMY II > FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM II > Flashcards

FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM II Flashcards

1
Q
  1. From which germ layer of the Embryo do the ovaries arise?
A
  • Mesoderm
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2
Q
  1. Where do the ovaries begin developmentally?
A
  • high on the posterior abdominal
    wall
  • descend to the Pelvic brim
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3
Q
  1. How many oocytes exist at 20 weeks of gestation?
A
  • 5 million oocytes
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4
Q
  1. How many oocytes are present at birth?
A
  • 500 000 oocytes
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5
Q
  1. How many oocytes are present during puberty?
A
  • 50 000 oocytes
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6
Q
  1. How many sperm are produced each day?
A
  • 50 to 100 million per day
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7
Q
  1. What is the female equivalent to the Gubernaculum?
A
  • Round Ligament
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8
Q
  1. At what vertebral level do the Gonadal arteries arise from?
A
  • L2 (from the Abdominal Aorta)
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9
Q
  1. What arteries supply the Ovaries?
A
  • the Ovarian Artery
  • direct branch of the abdominal
    aorta
  • the Ovaries take their blood supply
    with them as they descend
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10
Q
  1. What is the course of the Ovarian vessels?
A
  • the ovarian artery is retroperitoneal - descends within the abdominal
    cavity
  • Origin of the Ovarian artery
  • lies medially to the ureters
  • continues in an inferolateral
    direction
  • passes anterior to the ureters
  • the ovarian artery then extends over
    the external iliac vessels
  • crosses the pelvic brim
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11
Q
  1. What is the Infundibulopevic (Suspensory) Ligament of the ovary?
A
  • the Peritoneum
  • from the Ovaries to the lateral wall
    of Pelvis
  • houses the Ovarian Artery and Vein
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12
Q
  1. What do the Ovarian veins drain into?
A
  • the Right one drains into the Inferior
    Vena Cava
  • the left one drains into the Renal
    Vein
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13
Q
  1. Which structure is at risk of injury when ligating the ovarian vessels?
A
  • the Ureters
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14
Q
  1. Where do the lymphatics of the Ovaries drain into?
A
  • Para-aortic Nodes
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15
Q
  1. What is the clinical significance of the lymphatics of the Ovaries?
A
  • In cases of Ovarian Tumours:
  • you have to check the para-aortic
    nodes for invasion
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16
Q
  1. What attaches the medial pole of the ovary to the Uterus?
A
  • broad ligament
17
Q
  1. What attaches the ovary to the broad ligament?
A
  • Mesovarium
18
Q
  1. What are the anatomical differences in pre and post-menopausal women?
A
  • Post-Menopausal:
  • shorter mean vaginal length
  • narrower Labia Minora
  • atrophy of the Uterus
19
Q
  1. What is Neoplasia?
A
  • abnormal growth of cells and
    tissues in the body
20
Q
  1. What is polycystic disease?
A
  • recurrent growth of cysts
21
Q
  1. What is inflammatory disease?
A
  • ongoing inflammation
  • body fails to return to its healthy
    state
22
Q
  1. What is an ectopic pregnancy?
A
  • growth of Embryo outside of the
    Uterus
  • most often in the Oviducts
23
Q
  1. What is premature ovarian failure?
A
  • Menopause before the age of 40
24
Q
  1. Why can ovarian pathologies cause symptoms in the Medial thigh?
A
  • the Anterior Cutaneous Nerve
    originates at L2-L3
  • the Ovarian Artery arises at this
    point too
25
Q
  1. What 3 types of cells are found in the Ovary?
A
  1. Epithelial Cells
  2. Stroma
  3. Germ Cells
26
Q
  1. Which cells of the Ovary are most prone to cancer / carcinoma?
A
  • Epithelial cells
27
Q
  1. Why does Ovarian cancer have such a poor prognosis?
A
  • no clear early death detection o
    screening
  • detected only once it has
    metastasised
28
Q
  1. Ovarian cysts can reach a huge size.
    What symptoms can they cause?
A
  • Abdominal pain
  • Uterine bleeding
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • difficulty urinating
29
Q
  1. What complication arise from Ovarian cysts (cause acute pain)?
A
  1. Ovarian Torsion
  2. Ovarian Rupture
  3. Bleeding into the Cyst
30
Q
  1. What is the difference between Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome and Polycystic Ovarian Disease?
A
  • PCOS is a specific disease
  • recurrent cysts on ovaries
  • accompanied by other symptoms
  • PCOD is having cysts on the ovaries

MED 206- ANATOMY II (5 decks)

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