Female Reproductive system Flashcards
suspensory ligament
ovary to lateral wall of pelvis
contains ovarian vessels and nerves
mesovarium
part of broad ligament associated with OVARIES
attaches to hilum of ovary, enclosing vascular supply
3 regions of broad ligament
1. mesometrium =uterus, largest subsection; covers iliac vessels 2. mesovarium =ovaries 3. mesosalpinx =encloses uterine tubes
mesosalpinx
UTERINE TUBES
right ovarian vein goes to what
IVC
left ovarian vein goes to what
L. renal vein
what is the site of fertilization
uterine tubes
intraperitoneal innervation
SUPERIOR to pelvic pain line
visceral afferent pain fibers ascend retrogradely
T11-L1 with descending SNS fibers of ovarian plexus
visceral afferent reflex
PARASYMPATHETIC thru uterine (pelvic) plexus and pelvic splanchnic nerves S2-S4
what do pelvic splanchnic nerves carry
PARASYMPATHETIC
tubal (ectopic) pregnancy
embryo increases blood supply demands so increased blood flow and large amounts of bleeding
tubal ligation and sterilization
permanent and surgical method of BC
remove uterine tubes
blood supply of uterus
uterine artery
branch of internal iliac artery
venous drainage uterus
plexus in broad ligament that drains into uterine veins
INTERNAL ILIAC VEINS
lymphatic drainage uterus
iliac, sacral, aortic, inguinal
innervation of vagina, inferior 1/5
= somatic, pudendal nerve S2-S4
SYMPATHETIC AND VISCERAL ONLY
NO PARA
most of vagina, innervation
VISCERAL innervation
nerves derived from pelvic plexus
SYMPATHETIC, VISCERAL, PARA
parasympathetic innervation
S2-S4 spinal cord and pass thru pelvic splanchnic nerves
visceral afferent fibers conducting pain impulses from intraperitoneal uterine fungus and body follow what innervation
SUPERIOR TO PELVIC PAIN LINE
SYMPATHETIC INNERVATION to reach T11-L1
afferent fibers conducting pain from sub peritoneal uterine cervix and vagina follow what innervation
INFERIR TO PELVIC PAIN LINE
PARASYMPATHETIC INNERVATION thru pelvic splanchnic nerves S2-S4
dynamic support of uterus
pelvic diaphragm
passive support of uterus
position of uterus is ANTEVERTED and ANTEFLEXED
cardinal (transverse cervical) ligaments
base of broad ligament
contains uterine artery and vein, assists support to uterus
uterosacral ligaments
sides of cervix –> sacrum
palpable during exam
layers of uterus
- perimetrium
- myometrium
- endometrium = inner mucous layer
perimetrium
peritoneum with thin CT
myometrium
middle
thinner and more extensive with pregnancy
main branches of blood vessels and nerves of uterus are here
contract to dilate cervical os during childbirth
endometrium
inner mucous layer
firmly adhered to myometrium
involved with menstrual cycle
what are the 3 portions of the cervix
- internal os: cervical canal + uterine body
- cervical canal: cavity between internal and external Ostia
- external os: opening cervical canal to vagina
epidural block
intraperitoneal
sub peritoneal
somatic
spinal block
intraperitoneal
sub peritoneal
somatic
pudendal nerve block
somatic = perineum area innervated by pudendal nerve
hysterectomy
removal of uterus
where does the uterine artery cross the ureter
laterally to internal os
water under the bridge = uterine artery is on top of ureter
pelvic relaxation
pelvic diaphragm during delivery
common post menopause
decreased estrogen = decreased tissue integrity
results in change in orientation of bladder to urethral sphincter = urinary incontinence
cervical cancer
major risk factor HPV 16/18
develops in epithelium covering cervix
proceeded by changes called cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
if proliferating, cross basal lamina into underlying CT
