Female Reproductive Organs Flashcards
What is the Mons Pubis or Mons Veneris?
- important landmark in measuring fundic height
- protects symphysis pubis from trauma
What is the Labia Majora?
2 thick folds of ADIPOSE tissues
What is the main function of the Labia Majora?
to provide covering and protection to the external organs located under it
What is the Labia Minora?
2 thin folds of CONNECTIVE tissue, forms the fourchette
What glands does the Labia Minora have?
sebaceous glands
What is the Clitoris?
highly sensitive and ERECTILE tissue
What is the cheese-like secretion produced by the clitoris?
smegma produced by sebaceous glands
What is the triangular space of the perineum?
vestibule
What are the Bartholin’s glands?
also known as vulvovaginal glands, paravaginal and major vestibular glands
What are the functions of the Bartholin’s glands?
- secretes mucus that helps to keep the vaginal introitus lubricated
- alkaline nature enhances sperm survival
What are the Skene’s glands?
also known as paraurethral and minor vestibular glands
What is the function of the Skene’s glands?
- secretions increased with sexual stimulation to provide lubrication to the vagina
What is also known as introitus and is the external opening of the vagina located just below the urethral meatus?
Vaginal orifice
The __________ or _________ is a very sensitive area located at the inner anterior surface of the vagina.
Grafenberg or G-Spot
What is a thin, circular membrane that is made of elastic tissue situated at the vaginal opening?
Hymen
What separates the female internal and external organs?
Hymen
Blood supply to the vulva is provided by the ________ ___________ and ____________ _________ ___________
pudendal artery and inferior rectus artery
The upper portion of the vagina is separated from the rectum by the ____________ ___ __________
cul-de-sac of Douglas
The surface of the vagina is lined with ___________ __________ epithelium
stratified squamous epithelium
The vagina is about __-__ cm long
8-12
What acts as a voluntary sphincter of the vagina?
vulvocavernosus muscle
Innervation to the vagina is provided by the __________ plexus or ________ ________ ___________ plexus and S1-S3 nerves
uterovaginal
Lee Franken Hauser
What are the functions of the vagina?
- organ of copulation
- discharges menstrual flow
- birth canal
What is rugae?
allows the vaginal canal to stretch during coitus and enlarge considerably during delivery
What are the four recesses or depressions around the vagina’s upper portion?
fornix / fornices
Where do vaginal secretions and semen collect?
Fornix
What is the vaginal pH before puberty?
alkaline (6.8-7.2)
What is the vaginal pH after puberty?
acidic (4-5)
_________ stimulates mucus production in the cervix
estrogen
Cervix mucus is rich in __________ which is converted to lactic acid by __________ _________ making the vagina acidic
glycogen
Doderlein bacili
What are the measurements of the uterus?
- 2.5 - 3 inches long
- 1 inch thick
- 2 inches wide
- 50-70 gms.
What are the parts of the uterus?
- fundus
- cornua
- isthmus
- corpus
- cervix
What is the fundus?
- most muscular area of the uterus
- thickest and most contractile portion
- ideal site for implantation of the zygote
The area of the uterus at which the fallopian tubes are attached
Cornua
What is the isthmus?
The upper third layer of the cervix which is very thin
The isthmus becomes prominent only near the ______ of _________ and during _________
end of pregnancy
labor
What is the corpus?
body of the uterus which makes 2/3 of the uterus
What houses the fetus during pregnancy?
corpus
What are the components of the cervix?
- elastic tissue
- collagenous tissues
- 10% muscle fibers
What does the cervix contain?
sebaceous glands that secrete clear, viscid and alkaline mucus
What are the parts of the cervix?
- internal os (to the corpus)
- cervical canal
- external os (to the vagina)
What is the perimetrium?
- outermost, serosal layer of the uterus
- attached to the broad ligaments
What is the myometrium?
the middle, muscular layer responsible for uterine contractions during labor
What is the endometrium?
the innermost, ciliated, mucosal layer that helps keep the uterine cavity moist
What layer of the endometrium peels off during menstruation?
Glandular layer
What layer of the endometrium gives rise to the new endometrium after menstruation and delivery?
Basal layer
What is the main support of the uterus?
- Cardinal/transverse
- Cervical/Mackenrodt
What supports the sides of the uterus?
- Broad ligaments/Peritoneal ligaments
What connects the uterus to the labia majora?
Round ligaments
What keeps the uterus in its normal position by maintaining traction on the cervix?
Uterosacral ligaments
Overstretching of this ligament will cause the bladder to “drop” and to herniate into the vagina (cystocele)
anterior ligament
Forms a deep pouch called the Cul-de-sac of Douglas
Posterior ligament
What are the blood supplies of the uterus?
- Uterine artery
- Ovarian artery
What are the measurements of the fallopian tubes?
- 4 inches (10 cm)
- 1/4 inch in diameter
What is the first part of the fallopian tube that is located inside the uterus?
Interstitial/Intramural
What is the narrowest portion of the fallopian tube and is the site of tubal ligation?
Isthmus
What is the widest part and the site of fertilization of the fallopian tube?
Ampulla
What is the most distal portion of the fallopian tube and has fimbria?
Infundibulum
What are the measurements of ovaries?
- 6-19 g
- 1.5-3cm wide
- 2-5 cm long
