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Female Repro Flashcards

week 2 (86 cards)

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1
Q

what are the four main components of the Ovary Structure?

A

Germinal epithelia – outer most layer

Tunica Albuginea – white fibrous capsule of dense irregular connective tissue

Cortex- outer region, contains ovarian follicles

Medulla – loose CT with major blood vessels

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2
Q

What are the functions of the ovary?

A

Oogenesis

Secondary ooctye released

Hormone secretion (progesterone, Oestrogen, inhibin and relaxin)

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3
Q

what are the functions of the Uterus?

A

pathway for sperm
site of implantation

Development of fetus

Expel baby in labor

Menstrual flow in no implantation

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4
Q

Describe an Anteverted position of the uterus.

A

body of uterus projects anteriorly and superiorly over bladder

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5
Q

What are the pelvic floor muscles?

A

Puborectallis (most inner)
Pubococcygeus (middle)
lilococcygeus (outer)
coccygeus

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6
Q

Where does the Perineal membrane attach to?

A

bony framework of pubic arch

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7
Q

what does the perineal membrane separate?

A

Superficial and deep perineal pouch.

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8
Q

Where and what is the Deep Perineal Pouch?

A

a space above the perineal membrane.

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9
Q

Where is the Superficial pouch?

A

below the perineal membrane.

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10
Q

What is the function of the superficial pouch?

A

contains erectile tissues and associated muscles

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11
Q

What is the function of the Perineal membrane?

A

Contributes to pelvic floor and helps support pelivc structures.

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12
Q

What does the Pelivic diaphragm separate?

A

separates pelvic cavity and perineum

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13
Q

what are the two components of the perineum?

A

Urogenital triangle
Anal triangle

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14
Q

What are the organs of the female reproductive system?

A

Ovaries
Ducts
Accessory glands
uterus
vagina
vulva

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15
Q

What are the female reproductive ducts and what are their functions?

A

uterine tube (fallopian tube), uterus and vagina

Transport oocyte to uterus and normally site of fertilization.

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16
Q

what are the female reproductive accessory glands and what is their function?

A

paraurethral glands, greater vestibular glands

secrete mucous for lubrication

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17
Q

Germinal epithelia is the… layer and has…. epithelium.

A

outer
simple cuboidal

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18
Q

the cortex is the … region and contains

A

outer
ovarian follicles of varying stages of development

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19
Q

The medulla is …. and contains ……

A

central
major blood vessels

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20
Q

Where do the Testes and ovaries both develop and what do they then both do?

A

high on the posterior abdominal wall

descend before birth brining associated vessels, lymphatics and nerves.

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21
Q

Where are the Ovaries and uterus located?

A

inside the pelvic cavity (in the true pelvis)

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22
Q

Where are the testis located?

A

externally to the pelvis. in the superficial perineal pouch of the perineum.

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23
Q

What are the three parts of the uterine tube?

A

Infundibulum
ampulla
isthmus

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24
Q

What is the structure and function of the infundibulum and respective fimbrae?

A

Sits over ovary and opens to pelvic cavity

Most proximal to ovary

Contains fimbrae finger like projections that surround surface of mature follicle before ovulation and creates a current to sweep oocyte into uterine tube

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25
What is the Ampulla
Widest and longest portion of uterine tube
26
Where does fertilisation most commonly occur?
Ampulla
27
What is the structure and function of the isthmus (uterine tube)?
Attaches to uterus (joins the uterus) Medial, short and narrow.
28
What is the location of the uterine tubes?
Within the broad ligaments of uterus Two uterine tube extending laterally from uterus.
29
What are the three structures of the uterine tube (not parts)?
Mucosa muscularis serosa
30
what is the structure and function of the mucosa of the uterine tube.
Ciliated columnar epithelia Cillia beats in one direction to move mucous = ovum towards uterus Secretes a fluid that nourishes ovum.
31
What is the structure and function of muscularis of the uterine tube?
Inner circular smooth Outer longitudinal smooth Creates peristatic contractions = ovum towards uterus
32
The uterus is normally ..... and is located between the ... and the ..
Anteverted between the urinary bladder and the rectum.
33
What are the four parts of the uterus?
fundus body cervix isthmus
34
The fundus is dome shaped and is ... to the uterine tubes
superior
35
What is the body of the uterus?
tapering central portion
36
Cervix
inferior narrow portion opens into vagina
37
The cervical canal opens into the ....
uterine cavity
38
uterine cavity
Uterine cavity – interior part of uterus body
39
What is the broad ligament?
Double folds of peritoneum attaching the uterus to either side of pevlic cavity.
40
Cervical canal
Cervical canal – interior of cervix
41
what are the three components of the broad ligament and their functions?
Mesovarium (covers ovary) Mesosalphinx (suspends uterine tube) Mesomerium (covers body of uterus)
42
What are the four ligaments of the female reproductive system?
Broad Suspensory ligament of ovary ligament of ovary round ligament
43
Suspensory ligament
Attaches ovaries to pelvic wall and carries ovarium vessels, nerves and lymphatics
44
ligament of ovary
Attaches from inferior pole of ovary to uterus Remnant of gubernaculum
45
What is the only structure to pass through the ingunial canal in females?
Round ligament
46
The Round Ligaments is a fibrious CT that is found in between the ... and runs between the .... and the
broad ligament uterus labia majora
47
what are the three layers of the uterine wall?
Permetrium myometrium endometrium
48
What are the two componets of the endometrium?
Stratum functionalis - lines uterine cavity Stratum basalis -permanents
49
What component of the endometrium sloughs off in mensturation?
Stratum functionalis
50
Describe the muscle type of the Myometrium and it's function in childbirth.
Smooth muscle- middle circular, inner and outer longitudinal/oblique creates coordinated contractions of the myometrium in response to oxytocin to help expel foetus
51
The Perimetrium: laterally becomes... Anterirorly covers the... posteriorly covers the.. forming...
broad ligament bladder, vesicouterine pouch rectum, rectouerine pouch
52
Structure of the Cervix
Inferior part of uterus and in a anteverted position to vaginal canal Vaginal fornix- recess around cervix where it joins to vaginal wall Stratified squamous (protective) and columnar
53
The vagina travels .... and ... to the pelivc cavity
superior and posteriorly
54
The vagina is inbetween the ... and the ...
urinary bladder and rectum
55
What are the three pairs of superficial pouch muscles?
Ischiocavernosus Bulbospongiosus Superficial transverse perineal muscles
56
Mons pubis
fat pad covered by skin and pubic hair cushions pubic symphysis
57
labia majora
two longitudinal folds that extend inferiorly and posteriorly
58
labia minora
to smllaer folds deep to the labia majora
59
clitoris
small cyliditcal mass contains two small erectile bodies
60
What are the roots for Genitofemoral nerve?
L1 and L2
61
What are the sensory functions of the Genitofemoral nerve for males and females?
Innervates skin of anterior scrotum or over mons pubis and labia majora
62
what is the root of the sciatic nerve?
L4-S3
63
What are the roots for Pudendal nerve?
S2-S4
64
What are the sensory and motor functions of pudendal nerve
Pelvic muscles, external sphincter and external anal sphincter sensation to external genitalia (both sexes) and skin around anus, anal canal and perineum. 
65
6 major lumbar plexues
liohypogastric, ilioinguinal, genitofemoral, lateral femoral cutaneous, femoral nerve, obturator, and nerve to the lumbosacral trunk
66
what is the root for the iliohypogastric nerve?
L1
67
What is the root for the Ilioingunial nerve?
L1
68
What is the root for the lateral cutaneous nerve?
L2 and L3
69
What is the root of the orbutatrtor nerve?
L2-L4
70
What is the lumbar plexus?
liohypogastric, ilioinguinal, genitofemoral, lateral femoral cutaneous, femoral nerve, obturator, and nerve to the lumbosacral trunk
71
what are the three nerve branches of the Sacral plexus?
Sciatic Gluteal pudendal
72
Roots of superior gluteal nerves
L4-S1
73
roots of inferior gluteal nerves
L5-S2
74
what are the roots for the Pudendal nerve?
Ventral divisions of S2-S4
75
Where doe the nerves of the coccygeal plexus come from?
Some from S4 Mainly from anterior rami of S5 and coccygeal nerve
75
Nerve branch of coccygeal plexus and where does it innervate?
Annococcygeal nerve skin of anal triangle of perineum
76
what forms the lumbosacral plexus
lumbosacral trunk
77
what are the roots of the lumbosacral plexus?
L4-S4
78
What are the two visceral plexuses?
Paracertebral chain and prevertebral plecuxus
79
bifurcate
divide into two branches
80
What are the branches of the anterior trunk of internal iliac? WHat do each do?
Supply Urinary organs: Umbilical artery superior vesical artery inferior vesical artery Supply pelvis organs uterine artery middle rectal artery vaginal artery Supply walls of the pelvis obturator artery internal pudendal artery inferior gluteal artery
81
What are the branches of the posterior trunk?
Iliolumbar Artery, Lateral sacral arteries superior gluteal artery (PILLS G)
82
what ligament runs in the inguinal canal of females
round ligaments of the uterus
83
what are the 2 layers of peritoneum, what do they do
1. parietal peritoneum covers the pelvic cavity 2. visceral peritoneum drapes over the pelvic viscera (forming reflections)
84
female external genatalia
vulva, labia minora, labia majora, vestibule and mons pubis. 
85

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