Female GU (Exam 3)

Question 1

Mons pubis

Answer 1

firm pad of tissue covering symphysis pubis

Question 2

Clitoris

Answer 2

small erectile body, homologous with male penis

Question 3

Vestibular (Bartholin) glands

Answer 3

secrete a clear lubricating mucous

Question 4

Other components of the female genitalia

Answer 4

labia majora
labia minora
vestibule
urethral meatus
vagina
cervix
uterus
ovaries

Question 5

Fallopian tubes

Answer 5

two trumpet shaped tubes, extending from the uterine fundus

Question 6

Developmental Considerations: Infants and Adolescents

Answer 6

puberty cause estrogen to stimulate growth of cells in reproductive tract
development of secondary sex characteristics
breast development first sign of puberty (Tanner staging)

Question 7

Developmental Considerations: Pregnancy

Answer 7

greatest change is in uterus
urinary frequency
20-24 weeks, uterus is oval shaped and almost reaches liver

RISK OF YEAST INFECTIONS INCREASE WITH CHANGE IN pH

Question 8

Education for infants and adolescents

Answer 8

body changes
exploration
self identify
be direct and use correct terminology

Question 9

Developmental Considerations: Aging Adult

Answer 9

menopause aka the cessation of menses, rapid decrease in female hormones (48-51 typical range)

perimenopause (40-55 yrs)

Question 10

Effects of menopause

Answer 10

vaginal infections (pH becomes more alkaline)
UTIs
dyspareunia (pain with intercourse)
lowered libido

Question 11

Effects of perimenopause

Answer 11

hot flashes
mood swings
menstrual irregularities

Question 12

Dysmenorrhea

Answer 12

painful menses

Question 13

Polymenorrhea

Answer 13

menstruation less than 21 days

Question 14

Oligomenorrhea

Answer 14

infrequent bleeding

Question 15

Metrorrhagia

Answer 15

intermenstrual bleeding

Question 16

Subjective Data: History of present illness

Answer 16

abnormal bleeding
pain
vaginal D/C
premenstrual symptoms
menopausal symptoms
infertility
urinary symptoms and incontinence

Question 17

Gathering Subjective Data

Answer 17

menstrual history (LMP-1st day start of last menses)
obstetric history (gravida, para)
menopause (bleeding after menopause?)
PCC (last pap/pelvic, infections, immunizations, HPV)
acute pelvic pain
urinary symptoms
vaginal discharge
past history
sexual activity (# of partners, man or woman?)
contraceptive use (type, current or past use?)
STI contact

Question 18

Gravida

Answer 18

of pregnancies

Question 19

Para

Answer 19

of births

Question 20

Menopause

Answer 20

12 consecutive months w/o menstruation

Question 21

Abnormal Findings

Answer 21

inspection for hemorrhoids
rectocele
cystocele
uterine prolapse

Question 22

Stress urinary incontinence

Answer 22

leakage of small amounts of urine during physical movement (coughing, sneezing, exercising)

Question 23

Urge urinary incontinence

Answer 23

leakage of large amounts of urine at unexpected times, including sleep

Question 24

Overflow urinary incontinence

Answer 24

unexpected leakage of small amounts of urine due to a full bladder

Question 25

PAP Smear

Answer 25

screening for atypical cells, HPV vaginal smears if drainage or lesions are suspected

Question 26

Human Papillomavirus (HPV)

Answer 26

causes almost all cervical cancers, as well as vulvar, vaginal, anal, and oropharyngeal in women; causes most oropharyngeal, anal, and penile cancer in men

Question 27

HPV Vaccine

Answer 27

GARDASIL 9 (*prevents infection by 4 types of HPV, plus 5 other high-risk types, 90% of cervical cancers altogether!*) **BOYS AND GIRLS RECEIVE 2 DOSES BETWEEN 9-12 YRS BECAUSE IT PRODUCES STRONGEST IMMUNE RESPONSE IN PRETEENS** 13-26 years of age, not recommended after that

Question 28

Health promotion goals

Answer 28

increase # of adolescents who abstain or use condoms increase condom use reduce # of people with chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, genital herpes, PID, and HIV increase by at least 97% those 18+ to get pap smears

Question 29

Guidelines for detecting HPV

Answer 29

begin cervical cancer testing 3 yrs after starting to have sex, but no later than 21; pap smear every year or every 2 with liquid based pap tests; 30 yr olds can get tested every 3 years with pap test plus HPV test if 3 normal paps in a row *70 yrs+ and have had 3 normal pap tests in a row and no abnormal results in 10 yrs can stop getting tested* **hysterectomy may stop testing unless purpose of procedure was for treatment of cervical cancer/pre-cancer**

Question 30

Earlier onset of puberty

Answer 30

concern is that girls are entering puberty before emotionally ready **EARLIER MENARCHE MAY INCREASE RISK FOR SOME REPRODUCTIVE CANCERS**