Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Repro 2 AH > Female Genitral Tract 4 - Dobson > Flashcards

Female Genitral Tract 4 - Dobson Flashcards

1
Q

What are the most common causes of late pregnancy (20 wks - 3rd trimester) loss?

A 
Placental/vascular
Cord
Abruptio placenta 
disruption of fetal placental vessels
uteroplacental malperfusion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Preeclampsia may lead to what?

A

HELLP syndrome

Hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Rupture of ectopic pregnancy can lead to what?

A

Intraperitoneal hemorrhage which can be fatal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What kind of twins are involved in twin-twin Transfusion Syndrome?

What may be present?

Can cause what?

A

Monochorionic

AV shunt

Discordance in fetal size and amniotic fluid volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What presents w/irregular vaginal bleeding of bloody, brown fluid (not related to mensturation) w/ enlarged uterus and a very high hCG?

A

Choriocarcinoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How does a PST tumor present?

Prognosis?

A

Uterine mass w/bleeding or amenorrhea
Inc. hCG, Inc. hPL

Excellent if localized

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the causes of spontaneous abortion?

A

Chromosomal abnormalities in fetus
Defects in uterus (leiomyoma)
Infections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

When is hydatidiform mole diagnosed?

What age increased risk?

2x as common where?

A

Early in pregnancy (9 weeks) by sonogram

Teens and 40-50

Southeast Asia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Complete mole karyotype?

Increased what?

Risk of choriocarcinoma?
Rise of persistent mole?

Fetal tissue present?

A

46 XX

hCG

2.5%
15%

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is described by a complete absence of the decidua, villous tissue adheres directly to myometrium which leads to failure of placental separation at birth?

A

Placenta accreta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Morphology of hydatiform mole?

A

Edematous hydropic villi
Central cavities or cisterns
Extensive trophoblastic proliferation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where does choriocarcinoma metastasize to most often?

A

Lung, vagina, brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is a rapidly invasive malignant neoplasm of trophoblastic cells derived from previous or abnormal pregnancy?

A

Choriocarcinoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Placental site trophoblastic tumor produces what?

A

Human placental lactogen (hPL)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the TORCH infections that cause spontaneous abortion?

A 
Toxoplasmosis
Other (syphilis, VZV, Parvovirus B19, Listeria, HIV, Coxsackievirus)
Rubella
CMV
Herpes virus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What anti-angiogenic factors are activated in preeclampsia?

A

sFlt1

Endoglin

27
Q

Treatment for choriocarcinoma of gestational origin?

Nongestational choriocarcinoma treatment?

A

Chemo - 100%

Resistant to chemo

28
Q

What is preeclampsia?

A

HTN
Edema
Proteinuria

29
Q

How does an invasive mole present?

Treatment?

A

Vaginal bleeding and irregular uterine enlargement w/persistently elevated hCG

Chemo and hysterectomy

31
Q

What is eclampsia?

A

Preeclampsia + seizure

Medical emergency

33
Q

Choriocarcinomas arise from what setting?

A

50% complete mole
25% previous abortion
22% after normal pregnancy

34
Q

What kind of necrosis does the placenta undergo?

A

Coagulative

36
Q

Describe a hydatiform mole

A

Cystic swelling of chorionic villi, trophoblastic proliferation

37
Q

Complete placenta previa covers internal cervical os and requires what?

A

C-section

42
Q

How does ectopic pregnancy present?

A

6-8 weeks after last menstrual period
Mod-severe abdominal pain (may occur suddenly)
Vaginal bleeding

43
Q

Partial mole karyotype?

Risk of choriocarcinoma?

Fetal tissue present?

A

69 XXY

None

YES

44
Q

What increases the risk for ectopic pregnancy?

A

IUD

Smoking

45
Q

Preclampsia occurs when usually?

More common in whom?

A

Last trimester after 34 weeks

Primiparas

46
Q

What are the 3 main pathogenic factors of preeclampsia?

A

Abnormal placental vasculature
Endothelial dysfunction and imbalance of angiogenic and anti angiogenic factors
Coagulation abnormalities

47
Q

What coagulation abnormalities occur w/preeclampsia?

A

Dec PGI2

DEC VEGF

48
Q

Endoglin inhibits what?

Causes what?

A

TGF beta

Decreased NO

52
Q

Scarring of fallopian tubes can be due to what?

A

Appendicitis

Endometriosis

55
Q

What is described when a placenta implants in the lower uterine segment of the cervix leading to 3rd trimester bleeding?

A

Placenta previa

57
Q

What is a major cause of severe, life-threatening postpartum bleeding?

RFs?

A

Placenta accreta

Previous pregnancy and C section

59
Q

When do spontaneous abortions due to ascending infections occur?

Via what?

A

2nd trimester

Hematogenous dissemination

61
Q

What is the #1 extrauterine site for ectopic pregnancy?

35-50% occur due to what?

A

fallopian tube

PID

Repro 2 AH (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions