Female Genital System Lesson 1

Question 1

Acute endometritis cause, microscopy
Chronic endometritis cause and microscopy

Answer 1

1) retained products of conceptions, micro: neutrophilic infiltration
2) PID causing organisms, or intrauterine contraceptive devices. Micro: plasma cells in stroma

Question 2

Adenomyosis definition microscopy, gross and clinical picture

Answer 2

Presence of endometrial tissue in myometrium.
Gross: enlarged uterus, with foci of haemorrhage
Micro: foci of endometrial glands and stroma deep in myometrium
Clinical: menorrhagia, pelvic pain, and colicky dysmenorrhea

Question 3

Endometriosis definition, pathology theories, gross and microscopy

Answer 3

Endometrial glands found outside uterus or in abnormal location.
Path theories: regurgitation, metaplastic theory, and metastasis.
Gross: multiple red/blue foci and choco cyst
Microscopy: endometrial glands stroma and laden macrophages

Question 4

Complications of endometriosis

Answer 4

Pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea and infertility

Question 5

Endometrial hyperplasia definition, pathogenesis and etiology

Answer 5

Increased proliferation of glands in the endometrium
Pathogenesis inactivation of PTEN gene
Eti: prolonged excessive estrogen stimulation, obesity, diabetes hypertension, estrogen replacement therapy for people with osteoporosis, PCOS

Question 6

Types of endometrial hyperplasia

Answer 6

Hyperplasia with atypia and without

Question 7

Hyperplasia without atypia microscopy

Answer 7

Low risk for endometrial cancer
Microscopy: variation in glandular size

Question 8

Endometrial hyperplasia with atypia microscopy

Answer 8

Increased risk of endometrial cancer
Microscopy: cytologocial atypia : stratification, phleomorphism, mitotic figures, architecture atypia, crowding of glands

Question 9

Exophytic mass that project into endometrium cavity ?

Answer 9

Endometrial polyp

Question 10

Microscopy of endometrial polyp

Answer 10

Cause abnormal bleeding m
Thick walled blood vessels, fibrous stroma

Question 11

Leiomyoma definition and microscopy

Answer 11

Most common and are tumors that affect the myometrium
Micro: interlacing bundles of muscle, red degeneration( ischemia in pregnant women) , secondary changes (hyaline xyoid)

Question 12

Leimoyoma gross and clinical pic ?

Answer 12

Well defined firm gray white masses occurs inramural submucous, subseroeus
Clinical mostly asymptomatic, sometimes cause bleeding, but never reach/ rare carcinoma