Feline Leukemia Virus

Question 1

Pathogen

Answer 1

Retrovirus
Three subtypes - A, B, C - only FetLv A is transmissible
Transient viraemia - between 2 days and 8 weeks
Persistent - main infective source for other cats as constant

Question 2

Biological systems affected

Answer 2

Haemopoietic system (blood making organs)

Question 3

Route of transmission

Answer 3

Direct, transplacental or transmammary

Virus shed in saliva, urine, faeces, milk, licking and close contact

Question 4

Key physical symptoms

Answer 4

Anaemia
Leukopenia (resulting in reduced weight)
Anorexia
Pyrexia
Secondary infections
Reproductive failure
Neoplasia (lymphosarcoma) often present

Question 5

Possible treatment options

Answer 5

Non-specific supportive therapy

Poor prognosis

Question 6

Prevention

Answer 6

Vaccination (from 9 weeks of age) - pre-blood test advised - vaccines are not live so do not give lifelong protection

Question 7

Diagnosis

Answer 7

ELISA / serum assays

Retest after 12 weeks to see if virus is persistent

Question 8

Other key notes

Answer 8

Often die within 4 years
Virus multiplies in orpharynx and lymphoid tissue, particularly in bone marrow
Kittens more susceptible until 16 weeks
Most common cause of death in young cats