FDR's key acts, 1933-45 Flashcards
In what year did FDR begin his New Deal programme
1932 when he was elected president
When was the First New Deal
1933-35
What was the Agricultural Adjustment Act, May 1933?
That the govt would subsidise farmers to reduce their acreage and production voluntarily. By producing less, the cost of food would increase and so would farmers incomes
What does the AAA stand for and why was it set up
Agricultural Adjustment Administration. It was a new agency that would pay farmers to reduce their production of staple items, initially corn, cotton, milk, pork, rice, tobacco, and wheat. It was to be self financing through a tax placed on companies that processed food.
When was the Tennessee Valley Authority set up and what was the reason
In May 1933.
To deal with the underdevelopment and poverty in the Tennessee Valley. It was created to harness the power of the River Tennessee, which ran through seven of the poorest states in the USA.
What was the purpose of the Emergency Banking Relief Act, 6 March 1933
To restore confidence in the American banking system. It gave the treasury power to investigate all banks threatened with collapse
What was authorised to buy banks stock to support them and to take on many of their debts, causing them to be the largest bank in the world
The Reconstruction Finance Corporation
What was the purpose of the 1933 Glass-Steagall Act
It forced commercial banks to refrain from investment banking activities in order to protect depositors from potential losses caused by bank speculation in stocks. It was passed as an emergency measure to counter the failure of banks during the Great Depression. It prohibited commercial banks from participating in the investment banking business.
What was the Truth-in-Securities Act of 1933
It was one of 2 acts to ensure the excesses of the 1920s which had caused the Wall St Crash were not repeated. An act which required brokers to offer clients realistic information about the securities they were selling.
What was the Securities Act 1934
It was one of 2 acts to ensure the excesses of the 1920s which had caused the Wall St Crash were not repeated. It set up a new agency (The Securities Exchange Commission). Its task was to oversee stock market activities and prevent fraudulent activities such as insider dealing as in the bull pool
Name the two parts of the National Industry Recovery Act, June 1933
- National Recovery Administration (NRA)
- Public Works Administration (PWA)
What agency was created in November 1933 to create employment
The Civil Works Administration
What was the purpose of the Federal Emergency Relief Act, May 1933
The act established the Federal Emergency Relief Administration. It was given $500 million to be divided equally among the states to help provide for the unemployed. Half the money was to be granted to states for outright relief. With the remainder, the Government would pay each state $1 dollar for every $3 dollar it spent on relief.
What was the Civillian Conservation Corps, 1933
It gave countless young men, partivularly those from the cities, a new self respect and valuable experience of both comradeship and life in the great outdoors- to tackle unemployment amongst the youth
When do historians believe the second new deal occurred
1935
What was the Works Progress Administration
It recruited people for public works projects
What was the Wagner-Connery National Labor Relations Act (the Wagner Act), July 1935
It guaranteed workers the rights to collective bargaining through unions of their own choice. They could choose their union through a secret ballot; and a new three-man National Labor Relations Board was set up to ensure fair play. Employers were forbidden to resort to unfair practicises, such as discrimination against unionists. It was the first act that effectively gave unions rights in law and in the long term committed federal government to an important labour relations role.
What was the Social Security Act, August 1935
The first federal measure of direct help as a workers right and would be built upon in the future. It provided for old age pensions to be funded by employer ad employee contributions, and unemployment insurance to be paid for by payroll taxes levied on both employers and employees.
What was the Banking Act, August 1935
Intended to give the fed govt control of banking in the USA.
What was the Judiciary Reform Bill of Feb 1936
Roosevelt presented it to Congress to propose that the president could appoint a new justice whenever an existing judge reaching the age of 70 failed to retire within six months. He could also appoint up to 6 new justices, increasing the possible total to fifteen
When was the Judiciary Reform Bill rejected by the senate by 70 votes to 20 and why
In July 1936- Roosevelt was seen as a dictator- many congressmen feared he might start to retire them at 70 next and that he had greatly underestimated popular vote and support for the court
What did the Economy Act in 1933 do
Forbade members of the same family from working for federal government. A total of 75 per cent of those who lost their jobs through this measure were married women
What did the Indian Reorganisation Act of 1934 do
Recognised and encouraged Native American culture in a shift from the former policy of assimilation.
What was the name of FDR foreign policy to mend and improve relations with Latin American
The ‘Good Neighbor’ policy
