African Americans c.1890-1920 Flashcards
When was Booker T Washington around?
1856-1915
Name a Black hero was a former slave
Former slave
What did Booker T washington favour with whites
Accomodation
What institution did Washington set up
Tuskegee Institution, Alabama
What did Washington also favour and believed is necessary for AA to progress
education
What was the name of Washington’s speech in 1895 that focussed on economics
The Atlanta Compromise speech
Give two things that critics said about Washington
- he accepted the system of white supremacy
- he made little or no attempt to challenge the second class social position of AA
Who focused on working within the system instead of changing the system
Booker T Washington
What did Washington underestimate
The importance of the vote
Which president did Washington successfully gain the attention of
Theodore Roosevelt
When was WE du Bois alive
1868-1963
Name the five occupations of du Bois
Sociologist
Historian
Author
Editor
Activist
When was du bois really important
in the first half of the 20th century
What did du bois share in the creation of
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
When did du Bois create the NAACP
1909
What magazine did du Bois edit from 1910-1934
The Crisis- NAACP magazine
What movement did du Bois help to found in 1905
Niagara Movement
What did Du bois begin to argue for by 1909 after initially supported Booker T W gradual approach
Active resistance
What did du bois urge for through unceasing agitation
legal and political processes
When was Ida B Wells alive
1862-1931
Name the three careers of Wells
activist, civil rights activist, journalist
What crusade did Wells lead in the US in the 1890s
led an anti lynching crusade
Was Wells born a slave during the civil war
Yes
What did Wells force a national debate on
lynching
What did Wells rouse international condemnation on
American mob violence
Who were Wells most important allies
black women
What did Wells help found in 1896
The National Association of Coloured Women (NACW)
How many members did the National Association of Coloured Women have by 1900 and how many local clubs did they have
18000 members and 30 local clubs
What was the brand of protest Wells pioneered
unequivocal and outspojken
What did Wells help co counf in 1909
NAACP
How many lynchings were there between 1880-1930 of black people
3320
How many lynchings were there of white people between 1880-1930 of white people
723
What landmark film in the history of cinema premiered at Clune’s Auditorium in LA on Feb 8 1915
The Birth of the Nation
Who was the director of Birth of a Nation
DW Griffith
What film was America’s first feature length motion picture film
The Birth of a Nation
Why is The Birth of a Nation regarded as one of the most offensive films ever made
Because of its explicit racism
What does the film provide a highly subjective history of (3)
The Civil War, Reconstruction, and the rise of the Ku Klux Klan
What did Birth of a Nation cause in society
Riots in several cities and was banned in others but was seen by millions
Where suprisingly was the Birth of a Nation shown and by which president
In the White House in Washington by Wilson
In which film are AA portrayed as brutish, lazy, morally degenerate and dangerous
In Birth of a Nation
What happens in the film’s climax
the KKK rise up to save the South from the Reconstruction and from AA
In which decade was the Ku Klux Klan suppressed by the federal government
1870s
Who refounded the KKK in Georgia in dec 1915
William J Simmons
In addition to being anti black, what 3 other things was KKK now anti
Anti catholic, anti semitic, and anti immigrant
By the early 1920s, where else apart from the south did the KKK spread to
throughout the north
In what year was the KK at the peak of its strength
1924
What did membership in the KKK estimate to be at in 1924
three million
What helped play a part in winning wide public acceptance for an organisation that was originally founded as an anti black and anti federal terrorist group - KKK
The birth of a nation
Name two places in NY that are named after immigrants
Little Italy
China Town
Name political advantages of mass immigration
Growth of trade unionism, tammany hall, democratic party
Name a religious advantage of mass immigration
enduring ethos of USA being a sanctuary of religious freedom (Jewish immigration)
Name a political disadvantage of mass immigration
Xenophobia (laws, groups)
Name a social disadvantage of mass immigration
Romantic image of American Dream not for many
Name a social disadvantage of mass immigration
Overcrowding
Name an economic/political disadvantage of mass immigration
AA still excluded from employment even though the demand for cheap labour is there
Name a political disadvantage of mass immigration on USA
growth of corruption esp. at municipal politics
