FC17 Flashcards

1
Q

What does a compound with Alkene end with?

A

Ene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Define sigma bond

A

Formed by direct (end to end) overlap of orbitals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Define pi bonds

A

Formed by sideways overlap of p-orbitals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Steps of mechanism

A

Initiation

Propagation

Termination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Define stereoisomers

A

Compounds with the same structural formula but different arrangements of atoms in space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Why can rotation around a C to C double bond not work

A

Will destroy the sideways overlap of p-orbitals and break the pi bond. There is not enough energy to do this at RTP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is needed for E/Z isomers

A

A C to c double bond

Each of the doubly bonded C must be bonded to 2 different types of atoms/ groups

If higher priority group are on:
Same side of double bond-> Z isomer

Either side of the double bond-> E-isomer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Define Cis-trans isomerism

A

Where the H atoms are positioned on each of the doubly bonded C atoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How can an alkene be prepared by dehydration reaction of alcohols

A

Heat and concentrated H2SO4

Dehydration of H2O can only occur if the hydroxyl group is bonded to a C atom that is bonded to an adjacent C atom which is directly bonded to H

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Define addition reaction

A

The formation of one product from the reaction of 2 or more reactants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How is halogentation using a halogen made

A

A double bonded compound + a Halogen eg ( Br2)

Which breaks the double bond and forms 2 bonds for the 2 Br atoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How is halogenation of a hydride halide made

A

A double bonded compound + a hydrogen halide eg (HBr)

Which breaks the double bond and forms 2 new bonds for the H and Br

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How is hydrogenation formed

A

A double bond compound + H2

Heat and Pt or Ni is needed for catalyst

The double bond breaks to form 2 new bonds for H2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How is hydration made

A

A double bonded compound + H2O

Steam (300C) and phosphoric acid catalyst needed

The double bond breaks to form 2 new bonds for H and OH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does curly arrow mean

A

Movement of an e- pair

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does electrophile mean

A

Electron pair acceptor

17
Q

What does all bond breaking involve to form ions

A

Heterolytic fission

18
Q

Markowinkoffs rule

A

In the reaction between an asymmetrical alkene and an asymmetrical reactant the major product is formed from the more stable carbocation intermediate

19
Q

Example template of carbocation question

A

2- bromopropane is the major product as it is formed from the more stable 2• (secondary) carbonation intermediate. Whereas the alternative product is formed from the less 1• primary carbonation intermediate.

20
Q

Define a primary carbocation

A

The C with the +ve charge is bonded to one or no other C

21
Q

Define Secondary carbocation

A

The C atoms with the +ve charge is bonded to 2 other C atoms

22
Q

Define Tertiary carbocation

A

The C atom with the +ve charge bonded to 3 other C

23
Q

The relative stability of carbocation intermediate

A

3•>2•>1•