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w.RADT 171: Fundamentals II > fauber questions: chapter 4, 5, and 9 > Flashcards

fauber questions: chapter 4, 5, and 9 Flashcards

1
Q

which of the following would improve spatial resolution?

-large matrix
-large pixel size
-decreased pixel density
-increased pixel density

A

large matrix and increased pixel density

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2
Q

the type of IR that uses a PSP to acquire a latent is ______________-

A

computed radiography

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3
Q

what is used to extract the latent image from an imaging plate?

A

laser beam

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4
Q

(increased/decreased) sampling frequency and (increased/decreased) sampling pitch will improve spatial resolution

A

increasing, decreasing

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5
Q

what will improve spatial resolution of the digital image for a given FOV?

-large/small/fixed matrix size
-large/small IP

A

fixed matrix size and a small IP

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6
Q

does a higher or lower bit depth give a greater range of shades of gray?

A

higher bit depth

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7
Q

small anatomic detail has (high/low) spatial frequency

A

high spatial frequency

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8
Q

___________ refers to the range of exposures that should be used to produce a diagnostic image

A

exposure latitude

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9
Q

true/false: a lower SNR improves quality of an image

A

false

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10
Q

true/false: decreasing the displayed FOV for a given matrix size will decrease the size of the pixels and increase spatial resolution

A

true

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11
Q

what is a measurement of the efficiency of an IR in converting the x-ray exposure it receives to a quality radiographic image?

A

DQE

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12
Q

a higher sampling frequency during CR latent image digitization will ____________

A

increase spatial resolution

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13
Q

what will provide an indication of patient radiation risk during a radiographic procedure?

A

DAP and KAP

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14
Q

image artifacts can be caused by…

-dirty CR plates
-low sampling frequency
-increased pixel density

A

dirty CR plates, low sampling frequency

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15
Q

graphic representation of pixel values is a ___________

A

histogram

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16
Q

what process is employed to maintain consistent digital image brightness for over or underexposure?

A

automatic rescaling

17
Q

which of the following is not a numerical value indicating the level of radiation exposure to the IR?

-sensitivity number
-exposure indicator
-window level
-exposure index

A

window level

18
Q

which of the following may impact the location and shape of the histogram?

-exposure technique
-positioning
-collimation

A

1, 2, and 3

19
Q

what digital process alters image brightness and grayscale to improve visibility of anatomic structures?

A

lookup tables (LUTs)

20
Q

true/false: maintaining a low level of ambient lighting can improve soft copy viewing of digital images

A

true

21
Q

display monitors used for soft-copy viewing of digital images should have __________

A

high luminance

22
Q

which of the following is not a function during post-processing of displayed digital images?

-histogram analysis
-electronic masking
-windowing
-edge enhancement

A

histogram analysis

23
Q

wider window width (increases/decreases) (brightness/contrast)

A

decreases contrast

24
Q

what postprocessing technique suppresses image noise?

A

smoothing

25
Q

what is the communication standard for information sharing between PACS and imaging modalities

A

DICOM

26
Q

true/false: the DI is a value that reflects the difference between desired or target exposure to the IR and actual exposure to the IR

A

true

27
Q

true/false: a DI of -0.75 reflects insufficient exposure to the IR

A

false

28
Q

DI values of 0.5 to -0.5 are _____________

A

within target range

29
Q

which of the following may occur as a result of the DI value greater than +3.0?

-excessive noise visible
-saturation
-patient over exposure

A

2 and 3

30
Q

to transmit and store large amounts of imaging data, what may occur?

A

compression

31
Q

what is the latent image center for radiographic film?

A

sensitivity speck

32
Q

what describes a film’s sensitivity to x-rays or light?

A

speed

33
Q

intensifying screens are used to _________

A

decrease patient exposure

34
Q

what automatic processing system primary maintains the chemical activity level?

A

replenishment

35
Q

what term is defined as a measure of the amount of light transmitted through the film?

A

optical density

36
Q

what is the diagnostic range of optical densities?

A

0.5 to 2.0

37
Q

a change of ____________ in OD results from a change in the percentage of light transmittance by a factor of 2

A

0.3

38
Q

changes in radiation exposure have the greatest effect on optical densities in which sensito-metric region?

A

straight line

39
Q

when the exposure technique used produces densities outside the sight-line portion of a senito0metric curve, how was contrast affected

A

decreased

w.RADT 171: Fundamentals II (19 decks)

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