Fat Flashcards
What activities TAG breakdown
Lipase enzyme activated by adrenaline and glucagon
Triacylglycerol lipase
DAG and MAG lipsse
Where do glycerol and fatty acid go after fatty acid breakdown
Glycerol Diffuses into tissues
FA bound to albumin and transported in plasma
What organs does tag act as a fuel for
Muscle
Liver
Heart
what is needed to activate a long chain fatty acid
activating enzyme (cytosol) 2 energy rich bonds ATP --> AMP
how is the rate of fat metabolism regualtd?
- fatty acid release from adipose - lipase enzyme
- rate of entry into mitochondria via carnitine shuttle
- rate of reoxidisation by cofactors (NADH and FADH2) by cytochrome/respiratory chain
what does the liver provide fuel for
brain, muscle and other organs
whats the major fuel for the brain and muscle?
ketone bodies (muscle uses FA and glucose) both lack glucose-6-phosphatase
what is the function of fat in terms of hormones?
precursors for hormones
cholesterol –> steroid hormones
arachidonic acid –> prostaglandins
why is TAG an efficient fuel?
-compact storage - adipose
-large body stores
-efficiency on weight basis:
1g fat yields 38kJ
what are the body stores of fat, glycogen and glucose in a 70kg adult
11kg fat, 150g glycogen, 10g glucose
what is the efficiency on weight basis of fat, protein and carbohydrate
1g fat = 38Kj
1g protein = 21kJ
1g carbohydrate = 17KJ
what is a key property of glycerol
water soluble, taken up by all tissues
describe the metabolism of glycerol in most tissues
enters glycolysis pathway to be converted to pyruvate.
TCA cycle for oxidation to CO2
describe the metabolism of glycerol in liver or starvation
enters glycolysis
converted to glucose by gluconeogenesis
where does B oxidation occur
mitochondrial matrix
