Fat

Question 1

Roles Of Triacylglycerols And Fatty Acids?

Answer 1

Structural Element
In all cell membranes
• Energy
9 kcal per gram
(CHO is 4kcal/g, protein 4 kcal/g and alcohol 7 kcal/g).
• Insulation
reduces heat loss
• Protection
of internal organs.
• Transport carriers
of fat soluble vitamins (i.e. A, D, E and K)

Question 2

what is saturated?

Answer 2

Carry maximum number of hydrogen atoms

(carbon atoms are saturated with hydrogen

Question 3

what is monounsaturated?

Answer 3

One double bond with a neighbouring carbon

Question 4

what is polyunsaturated?

Answer 4

More than one double bond

Question 5

what does omega 3 do?

Answer 5

Helps support visual and cognitive development
– Most abundant in brain and retina
– Regulates cell activity and cardiovascular function

Question 6

What does omega 6 do?

Answer 6

Supports brain development
– Stimulation of growth
– Maintenance of skin and hair growth

Question 7

what do solubles A, D, E, K do?

Answer 7

A - vision, reproduction, bone health, immune function, skin
D - Strengthens bones, calcium absorption, immune system
E - Immune system, flushes toxins
K - Blood clotting, bone health

Question 8

what do lipoproteins do?

Answer 8

cholesterol attaches itself to it so it can travel through blood

Question 9

what is the process for fatty acids to reach the liver?

Answer 9

fatty foods
GI tract
digestion
absorption 
blood bourne fats
liver

Question 10

what is the process for fatty acids to reach muscle?

Answer 10

fat droplets
fatty acids
oxidation
Co2 Aerobic

Question 11

what are tryglicerides made up of?

Answer 11

glycerol back bone and 3 fatty acids

Question 12

Following Beta Oxidation what do fatty acids form?

Answer 12

Acetyl co-A

Question 13

what happens when there is an increase in blood glucose?

Answer 13

insulin increases which then blocks fatty acid metabolism.

delivery of fatty acids to tissue is then surppressed

Question 14

An increase in fat metabolism will preserve CHO, ho w would you do this?

Answer 14

increase aerobic metabolism

Question 15

what happens to fat oxidation during exercise?

Answer 15

As exercise intensity increases, fat oxidation decreases

Question 16

what happens to carbs oxidation during exercise?

Answer 16

as exercise increases so does carbs oxidation

Question 17

what are the dominant fuels oxidized during exercise?

Answer 17

carbs and fatty acids

Question 18

what influences carbs and fatty acids?

Answer 18

diet 
muscle glycogen content
exercise intensity
duration
training status

Question 19

what RER represents 100% fat oxidation?

Answer 19

0.71

Question 20

supplements to increase fat oxidation?

Answer 20

• Bitter orange
– Thought to activates beta oxidation & appetite
suppression
• Caffeine
– Thought to stimulate lipolysis
• Green tea
– Thought to stimulate lipolysis, oxidative properties,
maintain better glycaemic control after a glucose
load (Venables, 2008)
• Cartinine
– Believed to help transport of FA’s into
mitochondria

Question 21

What impact does consuming low GI CHO prior to exercise have?

Answer 21

Increased fat oxidation

Question 22

what happens when your diet is too low in fat?

Answer 22

Poor Vitamin Absorption
– Body needs dietary fat to absorb them
2. Depression
– Lack of omega 3 and 6 oils which are linked to enhanced mood and behaviour
3. Increased Cancer Risk
4. High Cholesterol and Heart Disease
5. Imbalance of Nutrients—Especially Carbs
6. Overeating