Fat Flashcards
Carbon chain lengths
Short: 4 or less
Medium: 6-12
Long: over 14
What is a tricyceride made up of ?
3 fatty acids
One glycerol
Characteristics of chain length
The longer the carbon chain the more solid it becomes at room temp
What makes an unsaturated fatty acid
Double carbon bond
How do trans fatty acids form
Cis goes through processing such as heat to form trans fat
What are the essential fatty acids
Omega 3 and 6
Which omega is pro/ anti inflammatory
Omega 3 - anti inflammatory
Omega 6 - pro
What does 18:4n-6 show
18 carbon atoms
4 double bonds
Omega 6
What does different ratios of n3/n6 cause
Different cell mediators to be produced
Higher 3 reduce inflammatory response which could have health benefits
Ratio of 6/3 in Palaeolithic diet vs modern
1: 1
20: 1
Omega 3 sources
Oily fish
Flax seeds
Hemp seeds
Walnuts
Omega 3 supplementation
Mda indicates amount of damage
Fish oil increases mda
What do lipoproteins do
Transport substances
Examples of lipoproteins
Chylomicions
Very low density lp
Low density lp
High density lp
Why are low density lipoproteins or ldl seen in a bad light
Stay in blood for longer increasing the chance they become wedged in a vesicles
What do HDLs do
Reverse the cholesterol transport
What is and what does HSL do
Hormone sensitive lipase
Converts tg’s into fatty acids and glycerols
What is lipolysis and lypogenisis
Lipolysis- conversion of triglycerides into FA and glycerol
Lipogenesis - reverse process
Why does exercise increase lipolysis
Exercise increases hormones which stimulates HSL
What do the following things do and what are they
FABP
FAT
CPT
Transport FA into the cells
Fatty acid binding protein
Fatty acid translocase
Carnotineparmataltranspotase
What regulates fat oxidation
Fat availability
Transport of FA
Oxidative capacity
Why is fat not use in high intensities
Cho oxidation is much faster
What happens to FFA during exercise
Increases
When is fat oxidation highest
65% vo2 max
Who was higher fat oxidation females or males
Females through all intensities
After trying what increases in terms of fat and why
Triglycerol use and to spare glycogen
Why happens to FFA after training
Better uptake due to more FA transporter
Why are medium chain FA more available
They only have to go from intestine to liver to muscle
What does a high fat diet do
Increase fat oxidation
Increases per curved exertion
