Fascial Spaces Flashcards
Primary fascial spaces
become involved/infected directly from odontogenic source
Primary Maxillary Fascail Space
Infratemporal
Canine
Buccal
Primary Mandibular Fascial Spaces
Buccal
Submental (SMe)
Submandibular (SMd)
Sublingual
Secondary Fascail Spaces
Become invloved/infected directly FROM THE PRIMARY FASCAIL SPACES
exception to the secondary fascial space
The infratemporal space associated with the masticator region is considered a primary fascial space although in the region of the masticator
What are the secondary fascial spaces?
Superficial and deep temporal spaces Masticator Region (Infratemporal space, submasseteric space, pterygomandibular/pterygoid Lateral pharyngeal retropharyngeal prevertebral
canine aka
infraorbital space
and is a primary space
borders of the canine (infraorbital space)
posterior - anterior surface of the maxilla
superior - infraorbital margin
anterior - levator labii superioris and levator anguli oris muscles of the face
origin of canine space abcesses and presentation
from the upper anterior teeth and bicuspids but is ALMOST EXCLUSIVELY FROM THE MAXILLARY CANINE TOOTH
will present with unilateral facial redness, pain, and swelling lateral to the nose with obliteration of the nasolabial fold is characterisitc
severe upper lip and lower eyelid swelling may cause eye closure and drooling at the corner of the mouth
buccal space infections
travels FROM the maxillary or mandibular molars or pre molars and may travel TO the pterygomandibular space, submassereric space, deep and superficial temporal spaces, and the lateral phayrngeal space
spread of buccal space infection is dependent on….
the attachment of the buccinator muscle in relation to the roots of the maxillary molars
lateral border of buccal space
superficial fascia and skin of cheek
medial border of buccal space
buccinator muscle
inferior border of buccal space
mandible and superficial fascia
superior border of buccal space
maxilla, and xygomatic arch
posterior and anterior border of buccal space
posterior - parotid gland and pterygomandibular raphe
anterior - superifical fascia and muscles of the lips
Submental space (SMe) - where and contents and communications
conical, small anterior, midline, single space
anterior jugular vein and submental lymph nodes
communicates with submandibular space posteriorly
infection associated with submental space
likely involving infections of the mandibular incisors causing a swelling at the point of the chin
anterosuperior border of submental space
mental symphysis (Apex)
posteriorinferior border of submental space
hyoid bone (base)
superolateral border of submental space
anterior bellies of digastric muscle
floor and roof of border of submental space
floor - mylohyoid muscle
roof - superficial fascia containing platysma
Submandibular (SMd) contains
submandibular gland lymph nodes the hypoglossal nerve the nerve to the mylohyoid the facial artery and submental branch
Subamandibular space communicates with?
superficial spaces, the sublingual region, the parotid region, and the masticator region
infection in the submandibular space?
come from the mandibular molars that have their roots BELOW THE MYLOHYOID LINE
Lateral border of the submandibular space
superficial fascia and the body of the mandible
medial border of the submandibular space
mylohyoid muscle
superior border of the submandibular space
mylohyoid line of the mandible and mylohyoid muscle
inferior border of the submandibular space
hyoid bone
sublingual space (SL) contains
sublingual gland deep submandibular gland and duct lingual nerve and submandibular ganglion lingual artery and branches the hypoglossal nerve
communications with the sublingual space
submandibular region or the masticator region
infection with the sublingual space
mandibular molars and pre molars that have their roots ABOVE the mylohyoid line
lateral border of the sublingual space
body of the mandible
medial border of the sublingual space
base of the tongue
inferior border of the sublingual space
mylohyoid muscle
superior border of the sublingual space
mucosa of the floor of the mouth
ludwing’s agina
aggressive, rapidly spreading cellulitis (infection) involving bilateral sublingual, submandibular, and submental spaces
neck and floor of mouth may become so swollen that breathing may be compromised, necessitating the creation of an artificial airway
major causes of ludwig’s angina
ODONTOGENIC in 90% of cases and arises from the SECOND AND THIRD MANDIBULAR MOLARS 75% of cases because the roots of these teeth extend BELOW the level of the attachment of the mylohoid muscle
T/F ludwig’s angina has the potential for adjacent retropharyngeal and mediastinal infection
TRUE - if it spreads through the buccopharyngeal gap or space created by the styloglossus muscle between the middle and superior constrictor muscle of the pharynx
is the infratemporal space a primary or secondary space
it is a primary space- however it is in the masticator region (associated with secondary spaces - BESIDES THE INFRATEMPORAL SPACE)
superficial temporal space
between the temporal fascia and the temporalis muscle
deep temporal space
bwtween the temporlis muscle and the lateral surface of the skull
contents of superficial and deep temporal space
communications
contain losse aerolar tissue and communicate below the zygomatic arch with the masticator region, infratmeporal region and pterygopalatine fossa
infections with the temporal spaces
mandibular 3rd molar infections and spread to this region
masticator region
this region or space lies on either side of the mandibular ramus and is formed by the cervical fascia that ASCENDS from the neck and SPLITS AT THE INFERIOR BORDRER OF THE MANDIBLE to envelop the area
subdivisions of the masticator region
infratemporal space (considered primary but in this region)
masseteric (submasseteric)
pterygomandibular space
infections into the masticator regions
spread from infections from the 2nd or 3rd mandibular molars may spread to these secondary sites
masseteric / submasseteric space
a POTENTIAL SPACE located between the masseter muscle and lateral surface of the ramus of the mandible.
it is an area od a zone of insertion of the masseter muscle that is less dense, permitting detachment of the periosteum from the bone
anterior border of the masseteric space
buccal fascia
posterior border of the masseteric space
parotid fascia
medial border of the masseteric space
mandible
lateral border of the masseteric space
masseter muscle
superior border of the masseteric space
lateral pterygoid muscle
inferior border of the masseteric space
mandible
infratemporal space
this is a medial continuation of the deep temporal space superior to the lateral pterygoid muscle and inferior to the sphenoid bone
anterior border of the infratemporal space
maxilla
posterior border of the infratemporal space
parotid gland
medial border of the infratemporal space
lateral pterygoid muscle
lateral border of the infratemporal space
temporalis muscle
superior border of the infratemporal space
sphenoid bone
inferior border of the infratemporal space
lateral pterygoid muscle
Pterygomandibular space contents
include the alveolar nerve, artery and vein, lingual nerve and chorda tympani
pterygomandibular space communications and infection source
mandibular 2nd and 3rd molars
communicates with a wide range of spaces like the superficial temporal, buccal, submasseteric, and submandibular
medial border of the pterygomandibular space
medial pterygoid muscle
lateral border of the pterygomandibular space
mandible
superior border of the pterygomandibular space
lateral pterygoid muscle
inferior border of the pterygomandibular space
mandible
anterior border of the pterygomandibular space
buccinator
posterior border of the pterygomandibular space
parotid fascia and mandible
